PART II 



CHAPTER I 

 TEEES AND SHRUBS 



JUST as a farm community is made up of cattle, 

 sheep, and chickens, as well as men and women, so 

 must herbs and shrubs be considered a part of the 

 forest. It is all the life found in and upon the soil of 

 a given location that composes the forest; trees, shrubs, 

 herbs and grasses are all parts of the forest community. 



To recognize all the members of a forest community 

 is quite difficult and as a rule only the most expert 

 botanists and dendrologists can call all the shrubs and 

 trees by name. To know the most important citizens, 

 however, gives much additional interest to walks in the 

 woods, for it is like recognizing an old friend when a 

 familiar pine or oak is seen. Not to know the more 

 common trees and shrubs makes a nutting trip or scout 

 hike like a stroll in an absolutely strange town where 

 no familiar faces are noticed. 



The total number of tree species in the United States 

 is over five hundred of which about one hundred and 

 fifty are used to some degree as lumber. Each forest 

 region has its dozen or score of important trees which 

 may be easily recognized and if these are known the 

 remainder can be easily learned later. * 



The usual method of identifying our trees is by means 

 of leaf, bark and general form while in the winter time 



i On account of the large number of trees and shrubs in the 

 United States, it is impossible to cover all of them in a book of 

 this kind. A few of the most important have been selected from 



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