DEFINITION OF TERMS 301 



Cookee. Assistant cook and dishwasher in a logging camp. 



Coppice. A forest grown from sprouts. 



Crown. The upper part of a tree, including the living branches 

 with their foliage. 



Crown Density. The density of the crowns of the trees in a forest. 

 It is usually measured by the extent to which the ground is shaded, 

 and expressed as a decimal, .4 or .7, etc. 



Cruise. To estimate the amount and value of standing timber. 



Cruiser. One who makes a business of cruising timber. Some- 

 times called a " land looker." 



Culled Forest. Forest from which cuttings by selection have 

 removed a portion of the trees. 



Cut. A season's output of logs. 



Cut Over, To. To cut most or all of the merchantable timber 

 in a forest. 



Cut-over Forest. Forest in which most or all of the merchantable 

 timber has been cut. 



Cutting. A piece of a leaf, stem, or root which when inserted 

 in moist material is capable of sending out roots and forming a new 

 plant; a slip. 



Cutting Area. The area over which cuttings are to be or have 

 been made. 



Deadhead. A sunken or partly sunken log. 



Diameter t Breasthigh. The diameter of a tree at 4f feet above 

 the ground. 



Diameter Class. All trees in a stand whose diameters are within 

 prescribed limits. 



Diameter Growth. The increase in diameter of a tree. 



Diameter Tape. A tape for ascertaining the diameter of trees, 

 so graduated that the diameter, corresponding to the girth of a 

 tree, is read directly from the tape. 



Dibble. A tool for making holes for planting seeds or young trees. 



Dioecious. Male and female flowers borne on different plants. 



Dominant. Having the crown free to light on all sides because 

 of greater height. 



Doty. Decayed. 



Drive. A body of logs or timber in process of being floated 

 from the forest to the mill or shipping point. 



Dry Topped. Having a dead or a partially defoliated crown, 

 or discolored foliage, as the result of injury or disease. 



Duffle. The personal belongings of a woodsman or lumberjack 

 which he takes into the woods. 



Fail Spot. A place where natural or artificial reproduction has 

 failed. 



False Ring. The layer of wood, less than a full season's growth, 

 and seldom extending around the stem, which is formed whenever 

 the diameter growth of a tree is interrupted and begins again during 

 the same growing season. 



Filer. One who files the crosscut saws in the woods. 



Final Yield. All material derived from reproduction cuttings 

 or clean cuttings. It is usually the chief crop, and marks the end 

 of the rotation. 



