THE PINE SUB-FAMILY. 107 



specially adapted to this tree, but on our smaller lawns it 

 is frequently out of place. 



Its value for timber, although inferior to the White 

 Pine and Southern Yellow Pine (P. australis), is never- 

 theless of great importance, and in some sections of 

 France and Belgium, large barren tracts have been plant- 

 ed exclusively with this species, for the purpose of procur- 

 ing lumber; in these calcareous soils, after the trees 

 have been removed, the land has universally proved more 

 fertile and productive than before, and yielded fair crops 

 of grain. It is the Red and Yellow Deal of England, and 

 is in use there for most purposes, both in naval and civil 

 architecture. 



Its terebinthinate properties are also of great impor- 

 tance, as vast quantities of tar are annually exported from 

 Northern Europe to England, etc., where it forms four- 

 fifths of the amount that is consumed. 



Var. horizontally Don. This variety is from the 

 Highlands of Scotland, with serrulated and broader leaves 

 than the species, although not margined, and of a peculiar 

 light glaucous color. The branches are remarkably hori- 

 zontal and drooping. This is known by some as the Red- 

 wooded Scotch Pine, Highland Pine, etc. 



Var. uncinata 9 Don. Is described by the author as 

 having much lighter colored leaves than the foregoing, and 

 very distinct, " insomuch that they appear of a truly light, 

 glaucous hue, approaching to a silvery tint." They are 

 also serrulated. The cones are different from those of the 

 species, "being beset with blunt prickles, bent back- 

 wards." Gordon classes this variety as a synonym of the 

 species. 



Var, Hagucncnsis, London. Is likewise placed as a 

 synonym of the species by Gordon, but London extracts 

 the following description from Lawson's Manual in regard 

 to it. " The old trees are remarkably tall, straight, free 



