THE PINE SUB-FAMILY. 123 



exclusively occupies lands that have been exhausted by 

 cultivation ; and amid forests of oak, tracts of 100 or 200 

 acres are not unfrequently seen covered with thriving young 

 pines." 



There is a plant of this species in our immediate neigh- 

 borhood, which is at least 20 feet high,and stands the sever- 

 ity of our winters without any serious injury. In our own 

 grounds, a plant now 7 feet high, and which was raised 

 from seed here, has so far escaped with little detriment to 

 its outline. We cannot, however, recommend it for orna- 

 mental purposes, excepting in large collections, as it is 

 much inferior in beauty to our White Pine and others of 

 the genus. 



The timber is not valuable, owing to its propensity 

 to warp and decay, but is nevertheless used in large quan- 

 tities for secondary purposes. Its resinous properties are 

 not equal to those of the P. australis, and its wood is less 

 valuable for fuel. 



30. P. tubercnlata, D. Don. TUBERCTJLATED-CONED 

 PINE. Syn. P. Californica, Hartweg. Leaves, 4 to 5 

 inches long, from short smooth sheaths, rigid, flattish, and 

 bright green color. Cones, 4 inches long, oblong-conical, 

 mostly in small clusters, very persistent, sessile, pendulous, 

 and tawny-gray color ; . scales quadrangular, truncate, with 

 an elevated apex, and armed with a stout, short prickle. 

 Seeds very small. 



This species, whose existence was much doubted by 

 Nuttall, is a native of California and was first discovered 

 by Dr. Coulter to the south of Monterey, near the level 

 of the sea, intermixed with P. radiata. Hartweg found 

 it on the Santa Cruz Mountains, sixty miles to the north 

 of Monterey, and Jeffrey mentions meeting with it at an 

 elevation of 5000 feet. 



It is a rather small tree, seldom attaining a greater 

 height than 30 or 40 feet, with a trunk 8 or 10 inches in 

 diameter, and is likewise of very slow growth, requiring 



