THE PINE SUB-FAMILY. 211 



tree, the Russians have bestowed upon it the name of 

 Tchugatskoy,( Strong-scented Fir,) and hence Dr. Fischer's 

 naine of Pinus Tchugatskoi. Young plants in this coun- 

 try have proven quite hardy in the open air, and although 

 closely resembling some of our older species, especially A. 

 Pichta, it may eventually prove a desirable and distinct 

 Silver Fir. 



33. A. grandis, Lindley. GREAT SILVER FIR. Syn. 

 Pinus grandis, Douglas ; Piceagrandis,Xowc?o^. Leaves, 

 from 1 to lijr inches long, linear, flat, obtuse, pectinate, emar- 

 ginate, spreading, dark shining green above, and silvery 

 glaucous below. Cones, 3 inches long, 2 inches broad, 

 cylindrical, obtuse, erect, solitary, chestnut-brown color; 

 scales, very broad, transverse, incurved on the margin, 

 crescent-shaped, entire, deciduous ; bracts, very short, 

 ovate-acuminate, included, irregularly crenulate. Seeds, 

 small, oblong, with a membranaceous, brittle, shining, 

 broad, truncate wing. 



A superb species in every respect, from our north-west 

 coast. According to Douglas, it inhabits the low moist 

 valleys of Northern California, but ISTuttall " found it abun- 

 dant, and constituting considerable tracts betwixt Fort 

 Vancouver and the neighboring saw-mill, 6 or 7 miles 

 above the fort, where many logs had been cut down and 

 sawn into planks, which were taken for sale to Oahee, one 

 of the Sandwich Islands. It also grew in the pine woods 

 of Wappatoo Island, in both of which places it was fre- 

 quently about 240 feet in height." 



Jeffrey describes it as growing on the banks of Fraser's 

 River, from the Falls all the way down to the ocean, but 

 particularly on the alluvial banks of the river, near Fort 

 Langley, growing 280 feet high, 5 feet in diameter, and 

 50 feet without branches ; although, according to Nuttall, 

 some trees " present a tall, naked shaft, of 100 or more 

 feet in height, when it commences to branch with a high, 

 spreading, pyramidal summit." This species is likewise 

 found at South Umpqua, on the banks of Fraser's River. 



