INTRODUCTION. XXYli 



G reeu sand cones, Abies Benstedi and Zinnia Sussex iensis, 

 appeared, with illustrations of the external aspects of the 

 structures. Kef erring to A. Bensttdi, he mentions the occur- 

 rence in the same [the Iguanodon] quarry of wood of various 

 sorts, petrified as well as carbonised. 



Fit ton's detailed and exhaustive paper appeared in 1847, in 

 which several references are made to plants. He says (p. 292) 

 " remains of Loncliopter'ts Mantellii, a fossil fern hitherto found 

 only in the Wealden group, have been detected by Mr. Morris 

 in so many different places, that it may be regarded as diffused 

 throughout the whole division." Of his series of beds 4-10, 

 called the "Crackers," he writes (p. 297), "the upper nodules 

 (5 >), about a foot below the top of the sand, consist of coarse 

 sandy limestone or grit, including fossil coniferous wood, eroded 

 by Teredoliths. I counted thirty-two of these masses in 100 

 paces, on a line descending from the cliffs to low-water mark ; 

 they were from three to five feet long, and about two feet thick, 

 but very irregular in form and dimensions." (P. 308): "The 

 vegetable remains in [beds] Nos. 36 and 37 have a glistening 

 surface like that of plumbago. They were found by Mr. Morris 

 to be distinctly portions of Lonchopteris Mantellii, a fern of the 

 Wealden hitherto found in that deposit only, but which seems 

 to be diffused in fragments nearly throughout the whole of the 

 lower Green sand. Its occurrence amidst shells exclusively 

 marine. makes it probable that when these remains were deposited 

 in the detritus which now forms the lower Grcensand, some 

 portion of the Wealden land was still above 1he sea; but the 

 fragments of Lonchojiteris found here are veiy small, and so 

 confusedly mixed together, that they may have been transported 

 from great distances. In [bed] No. oO they are accompanied 

 by Inoceramus." 



In 185] Mantell gave a detailed account of the Maidstone 

 Iguanodon, followed by a description of the formation in which 

 it was found (p. 302) : " Waterworn blocks of fossil wood 

 perforated by boring-shells, fragments of stems, and branches 

 of monocotylcdonous and coniferous vegetables, are also occa- 

 sionally found imbedded with the marine exuvia?, having 

 evidently been transported bv rivers or land-floods, and drifted 

 into the bed of the chalk-ocean." 



