OF LOWER, GREENSANI) PLANTS. 43 



These show their tissues remarkably well ; the 

 epidermis (with stomates ?), the strengthened outer 

 tissue, large gum-canals, small vascular strands, and 

 masses of scalariforrn elements can all be made out. 



V. 8406. Transverse section, 8x5 cm., of part of the main axis 

 with leaf-bases and ramenta. The section is rather 

 thick, but most of the tissues can be well made out. 

 The pith is partly macerated, but shows its outer 

 tissues and the large gum-canals all through it. The 

 irregular groups of primary wood can be recognised, 

 though in this part the section is rather thick. The 

 zones of secondary wood, cambium, and broad phloem 

 are all well preserved. The exit of several large fan- 

 shaped leaf-traces shows well. The leaf-bases are cut 

 obliquely and show bundles in various directions. 



V. 8410. An oblique, poorly preserved section showing cone- 

 bracts etc. (Cut from small block Y. 5706.) 



V. 8422. Text-fig. 12. A small section, 3'5 x 1 cm., of obliquely 

 cut stalks, bracts, ramenta, and three seeds. One of 

 these (text-fig. 12) shows the tracheid group at the 

 base of the seed, inside the integument, in a very 

 beautiful state of preservation, the delicate scalariform 

 markings of the irregularly shaped tracheids showing 

 excellently with the high power. As the upper end 

 of the seed has been cut very tangentially, the section 

 slopes through the large-celled tissue of the inner 

 soft zone of the integument, which shows unusually 

 well. At the base of the seed the cells of the stone- 

 layer and the outer flesh of the testa are also pre- 

 served exceptionally well for this species. 



V. 8425. Figured by Carruthers, Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. 26 (1870), 

 pi. lix, figs. 7 & 8. Obliquely cut section passing 

 through cone- receptacle, seed-stalks, interseminal scales, 

 and seeds (3'5 x 1'8 cm. in area). Two seeds on the 

 right, to which a small arrow points, are those 

 figured by Carruthers. One is cut nearly medianly and 

 sho\vs the vascular strand at the seed-base, but not so 



