FISH OF ONTARIO. 119 



Setaceous. Bristly. 



Setiform. Bristle-like. 



Shaft. Stiff axis of a quill. 



Shoulder girdle. The bony girdle posterior to the head, to which the 

 anterior limbs are attached (post-temporal, scapula, and coracoid 

 or clavicle). 



Soft dorsal. The posterior part of the dorsal fin in fishes, when composed 

 of soft rays. 



Soft rays. Fin rays which are articulate and usually branched. 



Spatulate. Shaped like a spatula. 



Speculum. A brightly coloured spot of the secondaries, especially of ducks. 



Sphenoid. Basal bone of skull. 



Sphenotic. A lateral bone of the skull. 



Spine. Any sharp projecting point ; in fishes those fin rays which are 

 unbranched, inarticulate, and usually, but not always, more or 

 less stiffened. 



Spinous. Stiff or composed of spines. 



Spinous dorsal. The anterior part of the dorsal fin, when composed of 

 spinous rays. 



Spiracles. Openings in the head or neck of some fishes and Batrachians. 



Spurious quill. Said of the first primary when less than about one-third 

 the length of the second. The student will notice that in Oscines 

 the presence of a short or spurious quill indicates ten primaries, 

 its absence nine. 



Stellate. Star-like, with radiating ridges. 



Sternal fontanel. A pit at the top of the sternum. 



Sternum. The breast-bone. 



Striate. Striped or streaked. 



Sub (in composition). Less than ; somewhat ; not quite ; under, etc. 



Sub-caudal. Under the tail. 



Sub=opercle. The bone immediately below the opercle (the suture con- 

 necting the two often hidden by scales). 



Sub-orbital. Below the eye. 



Sub-orbital stay. A bone extending from one of the sub-orbital bones in 

 certain fishes, across the cheeks, to or towards the preopercle. 



Subulate. Awl-shaped. 



Suffrago. Heel joint ; joint of tibia and tarsus. 



Supraciliary. Pertaining to the region of the eyebrow. 



Supplemental maxillary. A small bone lying along upper edge of the 

 maxillary. 



Supraclavicle. A bone interposed between the clavicle and the post-tem- 

 poral. 



Supraoccipital. The bone as the posterior part of skull in fishes usually 

 with a raised crest above. 



Supra-oral. Above the mouth. 



