THE BONANZA FARMS. 47 



15th, 20 men ; but if breaking new ground, 50 ; from 

 July 16th to July 31st, 100 men ; from August 1st 

 to September 15th, 250 men ; from September 16th 

 to October 31st, 75 men ; from November 1st to 

 March 31st, 10 men. 



The wages are, from November 1st to March 31st, 

 $15 per month ; from April 1st to April 30th, $18 ; 

 from May 1st to July 31st, $16 ; from August 1st to 

 August 15th, $2 per day ; from August 16th to Sep- 

 tember 15th, $1 50 per day ; from September 16th to 

 October 31st, $18 per month. 



The tools, machinery, and animals employed are, 

 67 plows, of which 11 are gangs of 2 plows each ; 64 

 harrows; 32 seeders of 8 feet; 6 mowers; 34 self 

 binding harvesters ; 7 steam engines and thrashers 

 adapted to burning straw for fuel ; 50 wagons ; and 

 125 head of horses and mules. For 30 days 30 teams 

 of 2 horses are hired. There are on the place 100 

 hogs and pigs, and 30 head of cattle. This year there 

 are 5,300 acres in cultivation, of which 4,855 acres are 

 in wheat, 304 acres in oats, 127 acres in barley, and 9 

 acres in potatoes. About 1,000 tons of hay are cut. 



There are 1,200 acres of new land now broken, to 

 be seeded next year, in addition to the amount already 

 under cultivation, giving 6,500 acres for the crop of 

 1880. It is the avowed intention to add to the amount 

 under cultivation from year to year, and construct ad- 

 ditional stations as required. 



The men are called at four o'clock in the morning, 

 breakfast, and get to work a little after five, and work 

 till seven in the evening, with one hour at noon for 

 dinner, making nearly thirteen hours of labor per day. 



