SUMMARY REMEDIES. 113 



or achieved by railing at or abusing plutocratic rep- 

 resentatives, but by carefully examining the causes 

 which have produced them, and devising other sys- 

 tems and regulations in society in obtaining and 

 enforcing laws, by the concurrent action of the people, 

 under which present conditions can not exist ; then 

 plutocratic monopoly and power will cease to be the 

 controlling factors. 



Of late there has been a great development in the 

 discussion of matters relating to the tenures of land, 

 their derivations and growth, and the manner and 

 method of their regulation. How these tenures have 

 grown, and the brutalities and monstrous oppressions 

 that have attended the numberless changes, acquisi- 

 tions, and losses in the possession of the lands have 

 been too often told, and are too well known, to require 

 repetition in these pages. One point, at least, there 

 is and can be no doubt about : that the earth, the 

 land, was given to man to subdue and cultivate, and 

 from it to derive his subsistence. 



The land being man's birthright, he becomes the 

 sole arbiter and ruler of it, to use and dispose of in 

 the manner that will best promote the purpose for 

 which it was given. The right and duty thus created 

 man can not divest himself of, nor in any manner limit 

 or restrict the succeeding generations in the exercise 

 of that continuous right and duty. Hence society, 

 which is the concrete man, ever finds it necessary to 

 change and modify the conditions of the occupation of 

 lands, as the conditions and developments in its body 

 require. Thus, when in the state of the nomadic and 

 pastoral life, separate and distinct allotments, having 



