INDUSTRIAL REDISTRIBUTION. 291 



the opening of the war of the rebellion. These causes 

 and effects, in the law of economics, follow with the 

 utmost certainty, the converse of which we have 

 abundantly demonstrated during the past seventeen 

 years. The industrial operations of the war of the 

 rebellion, from 1861 to 1865, when the increased de- 

 mand for operatives, either in the armies or in the 

 abnormal industries, which were followed by all the 

 effects already pointed out, fully illustrate the law 

 that governs in these matters. It needs no further 

 argument on my part to prove that every dollar that 

 goes into the hands of the wage receivers is immedi- 

 ately turned into trade, and goes back again to the 

 fund from which it started, with a large per centage 

 of the value of the products which it has helped to 

 circulate. And, manifestly, this demand for con- 

 sumption and reproduction would be limited and re- 

 stricted only by the amount of wages or compensation 

 received by the operatives, up to the limit of the most 

 liberal consumption ; thus creating and sustaining a 

 largely increased demand for reproduction and distri- 

 bution, and prosperity with all. These would be the 

 general effects. 



In agriculture it would have the direct and imme- 

 diate result of restoring the small farmer to that con- 

 dition of independence and security that would insure 

 the return to the farm of the multitudes now vainly 

 seeking employment elsewhere, and at the same time 

 put an effective stop to great capitalists and corpora- 

 tions obtaining and working large bodies of land, by 

 means of machinery and hirelings, in the manner that 

 has been described. It would compel the division 



