Embellishments 147 



(under the surface, below the reach of frost) to the place 

 where the jet is to issue; the supply in both these cases 

 will, if properly arranged, be more than enough for the 

 consumption of the fountain during the hours when it will 

 be necessary for it to play, viz. from sunrise to evening. 



The steam engine is often employed to force up water 

 for the supply of fountains in many of the large public and 

 royal gardens; but there are few cases in this country 

 where private expenditures of this kind would be justifiable. 



But where a small stream, or even the overflow of a 

 perpetual spring, can be commanded, the hydraulic ram is 

 the most perfect as well as the simplest and cheapest of all 

 modes of raising water. A supply pipe of an inch in diam- 

 eter is in many cases sufficient to work the ram and force 

 water to a great distance; and where sufficient to fill a 

 "driving pipe" of two inches diameter can be commanded, 

 a large reservoir may be kept constantly filled. 



A simple jet issuing from a circular basin of water, or a 

 cluster of perpendicular jets (candelabra jets), is at once the 

 simplest and most pleasing of fountains. Such are almost 

 the only kinds of fountains w 7 hich can be introduced with 

 propriety in simple scenes where the predominant objects 

 are sylvan, not architectural. 



Weeping, or Tazza fountains, as they are called, are 

 simple and highly pleasing objects, which require only a 

 very moderate supply of water compared with that de- 

 manded by a constant and powerful jet. The conduit pipe 

 rises through and fills the vase, which is so formed as to 

 overflow round its entire margin. The ordinary jet and 

 the tazza fountain may be combined in one, when the 

 supply of water is sufficient, by carrying the conduit pipe 

 to the level of the top of the vase, from which the water 

 rises perpendicularly, then falls back into the vase and 

 overflows as before. 



A species of rustic fountain which has a good effect, is 

 made by introducing the conduit pipe or pipes among the 

 groups of rockwork alluded to, from whence (the orifice of 

 the pipe being concealed or disguised) the water issues 



