252 LANDSCAPE-GARDENING 



be treated in a way to give the greatest satisfac- 

 tion and pleasure. Open areas can be allowed to 

 become forest, or they may be used for gardens, 

 arboretums, playgrounds or kept as farms to pro- 

 vide food for such animals as are used in the pre- 

 serve. The forest might be treated in such a way 

 as to grow valuable timber. It is reported that 

 some cities in Europe have usually derived an in- 

 come from their forests sufficient to pay the cities' 

 expenses so that it has been unnecessary to levy 

 taxes. 



The question of roads through a forest would be 

 determined by local considerations. Roads in cer- 

 tain places might serve as a protection against fire. 

 They would also be useful in hauling out logs and 

 brush from trees that have been cut, but a multi- 

 plicity of roads for the general public is hardly to 

 be desired. The main thoroughfares might prefer- 

 ably be located outside of the forest itself, with the 

 exception of certain cross roads when a forest is 

 quite long in a direction at right angles to the main 

 lines of travel. Usually seedlings of trees that be- 

 long in the vicinity should be planted in a forest ; 

 for example, if white pines had once existed in a 

 forest but had been removed for the lumber they 



