254 LANDSCAPE-GARDENING 



would seem natural and be one that would give a 

 good appearance. These small vacant areas, scat- 

 tered through a city, and relieving the monotony 

 of its street, and buildings, are seen in winter fully 

 as much as in summer. They should, therefore, be 

 planted to look well at all times of the year. Large 

 areas in bedding plants or annuals which leave 

 merely patches of bare ground from October until 

 May are manifestly unsatisfactory as well as ex- 

 pensive. If there were no smoke, evergreens could 

 be chosen and would be especially effective in 

 winter. When conditions are unfavorable to ever- 

 greens, small trees and deciduous shrubs would be 

 suitable. When there is room, no deciduous 

 growth is more attractive throughout the year 

 than that of hawthorns, and a group of these trees 

 may be admirable. They may be used advan- 

 tageously in combination with a tree of large size, 

 like an elm or an oak, and also in combination with 

 lower growth like that of roses, Indian currants, 

 and aromatic sumach. Perennial herbaceous 

 plants producing attractive foliage or flowers would 

 also be suitable and might have the woody growth 

 for a background. Early spring flowers, crocuses, 

 snowdrops, scillas, bloodroots, hepaticas, daffodils, 



