CITY AND REGIONAL PLANNING 311 



while to spend much time in planning a city which 

 will contain perhaps thousands of buildings and which 

 will outlast a long series of structures erected upon 

 the same site. The city plan should be studied with 

 reference to the hills and valleys when these are found 

 within its boundaries ; with regard to the location 

 of factories, warehouses, shops, residences, apart- 

 ment buildings, offices, stores and public buildings, 

 allowing room for the probable growth in each class 

 of buildings ; studying it with reference to its con- 

 nection with the surrounding country by means of 

 the various highways, and also with reference to 

 those localities not especially adapted to any of the 

 purposes named, but very useful as parks, open 

 spaces, forests, w r ater views and glimpses into the 

 open spaces outside of the city. Intelligent study 

 with reference to the locations of the different 

 classes of buildings and the streets and parks would 

 have saved vast sums in construction and main- 

 tenance, and, what is of even more importance, 

 would have preserved and developed the beauty 

 of cities. The fundamental beauty of a city, which 

 depends on its arrangement of streets and its preser- 

 vation of hills, valleys, streams, rivers, and lakes 

 in all their natural loveliness, lasts for generations. 



