THE VINEYARD. 



canes, which produces large clusters and 

 berries, at the expense of quaUty, should 

 be discouraged. 



Spraying. — This is not always needed. 

 If properly done, it is always effective. 

 Downy mildew attacking leaves and 

 fruit, may be prevented by using Bor- 

 deaux mixture. Make the first applica- 

 tion as the buds are bursting, the 

 second, just after the fruit has set, and 

 the third, two weeks later. If later 

 applications are needed, amraoniacal 

 copper carbonate should be used. 

 Powdery mildew also yields to Bordeaux 

 mixture. " Anthracnose " or " Bird's 

 Eye rot," is one of the most serious 

 troubles affecting grapes in Eastern 

 Ontario and the province of Quebec. 

 It is kept in check only when the utmost 

 care and vigilance is exercised. 



I — Spray the canes when uncovered 

 and still dormant, with copper sulphate, 

 one pound to 25 gallons of water. 



2 — Follow this with Bordeaux mix- 

 ture, as directed above. 



3 — Remove and destroy diseased foli- 

 age and fruit as soon as it makes its 

 appearance. 



4 — Fertilize with wood ashes and 

 bone meal, supplemented with light 

 dressings of well rotted barnyard 

 manure. 



Picking and Packing. — Growers al- 

 most invariably pick into the baskets 

 that are shipped to market. Thin 

 skinned grapes of fine quality, like 

 Delaware and Brighton, should always 

 be packed in small baskets. A ten- 

 pound " veneer " basket is a favorite in 

 the Niagara district. A basket rack, 

 holding two baskets, is a convenient 

 device to use in the vineyard. The 

 bunches may be cut with a sharp knife 

 or pruning shears, as preferred. They 

 should be cut off close to the cane and 

 placed stem end down in the baskets, 

 laying the bunches regularly till the 

 receptacle is filled. The filled baskets 

 are taken to the packing house, weighed, 

 the finishing touches put on, in the way 

 of facing, etc., and then covered. A 

 leno cover of suitable color attached to 

 a veneer frame, when fastened down, 

 completes the package, the name of the 

 variety being stamped upon the end or 

 top. The bunches should always be 

 handled gently to prevent bruising and 

 cracking. Concord and Worden are 

 usually shipped in 20 pound baskets. 

 Good keepers like Vergennes and Ca- 

 tawba, are sold, advantageously in win- 

 ter in 5-pound packages. — Report of 

 Horticulturist Central Experimental 

 Farm. 



THE WAY TO HANG A HAMMOCK. 



The ideal way to hang a hammock is 

 to place it six and a quarter feet from 

 the ground at the liead, and three and 

 three quarters at the foot. The rope 

 that secures the head should measure 

 about one foot — it is better to be less — 



and at the foot about five times that. 

 The object of this is to keep the head 

 comfortable, by being nearly stationary, 

 while the lower part of the hammock 

 will swing freely. 



155 



