'4 



THE CANADIAN IJORTICU LTURIST. 



at 90 ccnis per Ijarrcl, and the Mel lain niix- 

 tiirt: cost $2.5.0 a barrel. 



'I'he tree.*^ were carefnlly examined In the 

 coniinittee about the middle ol July and 

 a,£jain about a month later, and later still by 

 J'rof. i/ichliead: and the general (jpinion 

 was that there was practically no difiference 

 in the efficiency of the two remedies. 'J'he 

 cost of the Mcl'.aiii mixturi-, however. i)rac- 

 tically put its use out of the question, unle^^s 

 it was for a few trees where the limc-suli)hur 

 wash could ni il he pri leured. 



oTIIIvK U .\SI1KS 'i'JiSTlvD. 



Tlu' same day a barrel of the lime->nl])hur 

 atid sal soda and a barrel of the lime-sulphur 

 and caustic soda washes were prepared and 

 applied on the trees of an adjoining- orchard 

 which were also badly infested with the 

 scale. The former wash is one recom- 

 mended by Dr. \\. W Felt. State l^ntomolo- 

 gist, New N'ork. Mis formula and direc- 

 tions for prejjariug the mixture are as iol- 

 loW'S : Ivime, 25 pounds: suli)hiu- (ilow- 

 ■ers), 20 pounds: sal soda. 12)/. pounds: 

 water, i barrel. ""Put 5 or 6 gallons of hot 

 water in a wooden barrel, add the lime, 

 (piickly following with the sul])hur and sal 

 soda, and stir until the slaking is practically 

 completed. It may be necessary to add a 

 little cold water at intervals to keep the mix- 

 ture from boiling over. After the violent 

 action has ceased, cover the barrel to retain 

 the heat and allow it to stand 15 to 30 

 minutes, dilute to the full (juantity and 

 apph." In our ])reparation of this wash w-? 

 first stirred the sul])hur into the hot wat'M* 

 .ind then added the lime and sal soda. 



The lime-sulphur caustic sofla was origi- 

 nated wdth the Geneva Experiment Station. 

 New York State. The formula and direc- 

 tions for preparing the wash are as follow'S : 

 lyime. 30 pounds: sulphur (How-ers) 15 

 pounds ; caustic soda, 4 to 6 pounds ; wate''. 

 1 barrel. " In preparing the wash, the lime 

 was started to slake with six gallons of 

 water, and wdiile slakirig, the sulphur, which 



had just previously been made into a thin 

 jxiste with hot water, was added and thor- 

 oughly mixed in with the slaking lime. To 

 ])rolong the boiling of the wash, the caustic 

 soda was then added with water as needed, 

 and till' whole mixture was kept thoroughly 

 stirred. As soon as the chemical action 

 had ceased the re(|uired amount of water 

 was added, when the mixture was ready for 

 use. Aside from the heating of the water, 

 the cooking of the wash was done in a tub 

 or ]);iiTe], and took from ten to twenty 

 minutes. hi some preparations, especially 

 when h(jt water was used to start the slaking 

 of the lime, not all of the stated amount of 

 caustic soda was employed, but six ])ounds 

 was the maximum." 



in preparing this mixture we followed the 

 same ])lan as mentioned with the former 

 wash. The sulphur was first stirred into 

 hoi water and then the lime added. W hen 

 the boiling ceased all the caustic soda was 

 init in at once. The wdiole was thoroughly 

 stirred to ])revent caking on the bottom jf 

 the barrel. The caustic soda should be used 

 in the granulated or powdered form to in- 

 sure the best results. 



WIIEKK Tin-: TESTS WKRli MADE. 



I'xith the washes developed the character- 

 istic color of the well boiled lime-sulphur 

 combinations, and those present were de- 

 lighted with the simplicity of the method of 

 preparation. These washes were made and 

 applied in the orchards belonging to the fol- 

 lowing gentlemen. Careful notes were 

 made on the condition of the trees before the 

 wash was applied. The orchards and tests 

 were: Mr. Geo. Robertson, one barrel of 

 lime-sulphur and sal soda, only two trees 

 badly infested ; Mr. W. C. IMcCalla, one 

 barrel of lime-sul])hur and sal soda, trees 

 badly infested; Mr. Greffith, one barrel 

 lime-sulphur and sal soda, one tree particu- 

 larly badly infested ; Mr. W. H. Secord, 

 one barrel of each wash, trees all infested, 

 worst ones marked : Mr. Tittrington. one 



