THE SAN JOSE SCALE. 



Ml 



small hand basket. The re'^ult is the home 

 grower does not know what he has to com- 

 pete with. 



" Growers in the west have no San Jose 

 scale ar codling moth to fight. These pests 

 have been watched for since fruit growing 

 began, and all diseased fruit or trees 

 brought into the country is burned. In this 

 way these fruit destroyers never get a hold 

 in British Columbia. 



NOT SUCH SLOW WORK. 



" Ontario orchardists say that it takes too 

 much time to pack their fruit in boxes. In 

 the west an expert packer averages 70 to 100 

 boxes per day. He is paid at the rate of 

 two cents per box. Since coming to On- 

 tario I have packed a standard box and had 

 it nailed ready for shipment in seven min- 

 utes. 



" On the Lord Aberdeen estate at \'er- 

 non. B. C, about 40,000 cases of apples are 

 handled in the fall. Pears and plums are 

 handled in the same way but wrapped in 

 paper for protection. To have this fruit 

 keep well it must be picked at the proper 

 stasfe of maturitv and then handled with 



care. Along the pacific coast a barrel of 

 fruit is unknown. 



" Ontario fruit can be handled in the 

 same way just as successfully if proper care 

 is taken. Early fruits especially could be 

 handled in boxes to great advantage. Since 

 the varieties are tenderer special care must 

 necessarily be taken. Wealthy apples are 

 shipped from British Columbia to Dawson 

 City, and although they have to be transfer- 

 red four times they invariably arrive in Ai 

 condition. The same fruit has been sent to 

 Hong Kong and Sicney with similar results. 



" Uniform fruit is the essential to speedy 

 packing, and by putting only uniform fruit 

 in a package the retail trade has something 

 it can depend on. Over half of this grad- 

 ing for size is done when the fruit is small. 

 The fruit is thinned on the trees, leaving 

 each fruit equal chance for development. 

 No patent graders are used after the crop is 

 harvested. Each packer learns by experi- 

 ence to take only fruit of uniform size. The 

 eve readily becomes trained. There are 

 manv ways of packing, but the main point 

 is to have the exact package or a full box." 



THE SPREAD OF THE SCALE 



J. FRED SMITH, GLAXFORD, SAX JOSE SCALE IXSPECTOR. 



iT is impossible to tell just how far the 

 San Jose scale has spread in Ontario 

 during the past year, as in some localities, 

 such as those where very little treating was 

 done, it has spread more than in others. In 

 the county of Wentworth, where some scale 

 has been found, I cannot see that the scale 

 has spread to any appreciable extent during 

 the past year. 



This is due to the spraying which has 

 "been done by those who have the scale. 

 East of the city of Hamilton, in the county 

 of \\''entworth, I do not know of a man who 

 has the scale who did not treat his trees. 

 The local inspectors see that this is done. 



and also watch to see how thoroughly the 

 remedies have been applied. in the county 

 of Halton, where there is a small infested 

 district, the work has been done well until 

 this year, when no' treating was done. The 

 people thought that they had the scale so 

 w-ell in check that they could afford to miss 

 one year. This is a mistake, for what little 

 scale there is left (and I found some when 

 making an examination last spring) will 

 multiply and become more firmly estab- 

 lished. 



In the Niagara end of the peninsula the 

 spread has been more rapid owing to the in- 

 difiference of some of those who have the 



