424 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST. 



our trees has been the splitting- and lilting 

 of the bark of the trunk on the southwest 

 side. This has been noticeable only the 

 present season. The cause is that those 

 trees, last year, seemed to recover somewhat 

 from the effects of the previous winter and 

 started to grow too late in the season. All 

 trees thus effected were those that had made 

 good growth in 1904, but had been slightly 

 injured by the winter, and they were mostly 



in cultivated ground. Trees of the same 

 age in sod have not been much effected in 

 the splitting of the bark of the trunk. This 

 is another argument against too much culti- 

 vation, which in the province of Quebec in- 

 duces too late growth. I have had so many 

 surprises as to the far-reaching effects of 

 the winter of 1903-4 that my confidence in 

 successful orcharding in some localities has 

 been considerablv shaken. 



Ajpples For Eastern Ontario 



A. m'nEILL, CHIEI? fruit DIVISION, 

 OTTAV/A, ONT. 



A correspondent from Carleton Coanty, 



Ont., writes : 



Our Ben Davis and Mann apple trees are 

 dead, the Spy is dying, and the Pewaukee is 

 showing signs of weakness. What winter 

 apples would be the best to replace them ? 



As grown in Carleton County the Fa- 

 meuse and Mcintosh Red are at least early 

 winter apples, and if the correspondent is 

 growing for commercial purposes they will 

 pay better than any other varieties he cares 

 to plant. 



For long keepers we could recommend 

 Scott's Winter, Northwest Greening, and 

 Milwaukee. It is quite possible that Wolf 

 River will be hardy and will keep well into 

 the winter. I would not recommend com- 

 mercial orchards of these varieties. 



Cherries Can Be Grafted 



J. M. m'ainsh, welburne, ont. 



IN the August number of The Horticul- 

 turist, page 294, I notice a question 

 asked about grafting the cherry, and the 

 answ^er is : " The cherry cannot be grafted 

 so far as I know." I have grafted the finer 

 varieties of cherry on the common red 

 cherry, which, before the appearance of the 

 black knot, was grown all over the country, 

 and was usually propagated by suckers. I 

 generally topgraft them. I do not find any 



difference whether the tree is large or small, 

 so long as it is vigorous and healthy. In 

 any case I only graft on small sized limbs, 

 so that the larger the tree the more grafts 

 will have to be put in. I do this work early 

 in the season, just when growth begins, and 

 cut the scions fresh from the tree. I graft 

 them the same as I do apples, using cotton 

 cloth saturated with common grafting wax 

 and putting it around three or four times 

 to prevent the wax from cracking. 



Although cherries are not as sure as 

 apples, yet I generally have more than 50 

 per cent, of the grafts to grow. Your cor- 

 respondent says his trees were got from the 

 fence corners two years ago and are thrifty 

 and measure one and a half inches through 

 the trunk. I consider such stock very fine 

 to graft on, and if properly done I would 

 expect all the way from 50 to 90 per cent, 

 of them to grow. 



Pruning and Spraying Trees 



"W 



7 HEN trees are well pruned and 

 well sprayed," said Mr. Joseph 

 Tweddle. of Fruitland, recently to a repre- 

 sentative of The Horticulturist, who visited 

 his place. " they have a vitality which en- 

 ables them to hold their fruit to maturity 

 and prevents loss from winds. 



Trees heavily loaded with fruit are not so 

 likely to sway with the wind and to drop 

 their fruit. Where pruning is well done 

 it permits the sun to reach the fruit and, re- 

 sults in the fruit being better colored." 



