EDITORIAL NOTES. 



57 



saving, and profit. We left from 50 to 90 buds 

 on each vine ; but this season my crop has 

 proved a failure. I was attributing the failure 

 to the system." 



Fig. 2725. The Knifken System. 



The Kniffen system is a very simple one. 

 and may be easily understood from the ac- 

 companying cuts. Instead of two arms on 

 the bottom wire, as in the Renewal system, 

 four arms are trained out horizontally, the 

 lowest about three feet from the ground, 

 and the higher about five or six feet. From 

 these the young wood is allowed to hang, 

 and of course little or no tying up is re- 

 quired. About one dozen buds on each 

 arm will give as much fruit as the vine 

 should produce. 



One objection to this method is that the 

 upper arms usually become stronger and 

 seem to take near all the vigor, so that the 

 lower ones give little fruit. This may be 

 overcome in part by starting two uprights 

 from the ground, one to furnish the arms on 



^ 



a 



Fig. 2726. The Kniffen System. 



the first wire, the other 

 those on the second. 



Many growers renew 

 the whole arm each sea- 

 son, back to the upright, 

 taking in its place the 

 strongest branch, so that 

 one or two cuts accom- 

 plish the work of much 

 spurring. 



The yield from Knif- 

 fen vines of strong 

 growing varieties should 

 be quite as large as from fi^ 

 any other method. Con- 

 cords should yield twen- 

 ty to thirty pounds per 

 vine 'on the average, but 

 the Kniffen method is not 

 well adapted to weak 

 growing ' vines, such as 

 the Wilder or Delaware, 



For Canadian farm- 

 ers, who have little time 

 to spend in their vine- 

 yards, this system is very 

 well ; but for the gar- 

 dener, or the vineyardist 

 who has some time to 

 devote to the work, the 

 renewal system is no 

 doubt the ideal thing ; or 



for strong growers, like ^*^^- ^7^7 



„ . 1 , A • LER System. 



Concord, that American 



modification of it known as the Fuller sys- 

 tem. 



The Fuller System 



This method is so well illustrated by the 

 engravings that we scarcely need to describe 

 it. The first year a single upright cane is 

 allowed to grow ; in the spring of the second 

 year this is cut at about one foot from the 

 ground and only two canes permitted to 

 grow ; and the third year these two canes are 

 tied to the bottom wire and stopped at about 



FULL€f^, 



FIG 61 



iHE FUL- 



