PLAN TO CARRY OFF HOUSE WASTES. 



177 



CEMENT 



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Fig. 2789. Approved Flan of Kitchen Drainage System. 



There is nothing more unsightly and un- 

 wholesome than a garbage pail, gathering 

 flies in the heat of the day, and poisoning 

 the air with its foul odors. For convenience 

 it is often placed beside the wall at the back 

 door, and part of the refuse frequently 

 adorns the pathway. It is a menace to 

 health, because its vitiated odors often pass 

 into the house and cellar. 



Bones, which are rich in phosphates, may 

 be utliized as a fertilizer by embedding them 

 in ashes, or they may be ground and fed to 

 poultry. 



Dust from the house is best and most 

 safely disposed of by burning, as it is pro- 

 bably rich in bacteria. 



Ashes possess a high fertilizing value, 

 owing to the large percentage of potash con- 

 tained in them. They should be kept dry, 

 to prevent leaching, and applied to the soil. 



Old rags, shoes, paper, etc., may be cre- 

 mated, thus removing any danger from con- 

 tamination, and preventing an untidy ap- 

 pearance. 



Broken china, old tinware and such ma- 

 terials as cannot be burned or otherwise 

 utliized, are possibly best disposed of by 

 burying, or they may be used for filling up 

 hollows, making road beds, or for sub-soil 

 drainage. I saw an excellent path made of 

 such materials. 



The sanitary and economic disposal of all 

 solid and liquid sewage, such as dishwater. 



soapsuds, chamber and closet sewage, is Die 

 most difficult problem confronting the rural 

 householder. The vital point to be remem- 

 bered is that the sewage must be disposal of 

 — utilized, if possible — and this must be 

 done without endangering the water supply. 



Some fairly satisfactory plumbing sys- 

 tems have been introduced into farm homes, 

 but such cases are isolated, compared with 

 the many rural homes, where the old-time 

 methods of disposal still prevail. In many 

 cases the soil around the kitchen door con- 

 tains the accumulated pollution of years, re- 

 sulting from throwing waste water and re- 

 fuse from the kitchen, both in winter and 

 summer. ' 



It is not the purpose of this paper o 

 specify details as to the construction of a 

 drainage and plumbing system, but to con- 

 vey a few ideas, emphasizing the importance 

 of giving the matter strict attention. Each 

 man must, to a certain extent, adopt a sys- 

 tem suited to his particular need, with 

 special reference to the porosity of the soil 

 and lay of the land. 



In a general way, it seems to me safer to 

 suggest the separate disposal of liquid and 

 solid sewage. The liquid sewage is a very 

 valuable fertilizing material, and is easily 

 converted into plant food. The solid mat- 

 ter, though not possessing such high fertiliz- 

 ing value, should be carefully collected and 

 applied to the soil. It is well known that 



