208 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST. 



How Troubles May Be Prevented 



PROF. WM. LOCHHEAD, ONT. AGRI. COLI.EGE. 



VEGETABLES are often attacked by 

 fungous diseases and insect pests, 

 and unless great care is taken much of the 

 crop will be lost. Many remedies are advo- 

 cated for most of the more common troubles. 

 The following, if carefully applied, should 

 prove effective : 



TOMATOES. 



Rot and Blight. — Spray with Bordeaux 

 mixture as soon as rot or blight appears, 

 three times if necessary, at intervals of lo to 

 15 days. 



POTATOES. 



Scab, Blight, and Beetles. — For the scab : 

 Soak the " seed " potatoes or tubers for two 

 hours in a solution of formalin (8 ounces in 

 15 gallons of water). 



For blight and beetles : First spraying : 

 Paris green as soon as the beetles appear 

 (one pound to 100 gallons of water). 



Second spraying: Bordeaux mixture 

 and paris green when plants are six inches 

 high. 



Third and fourth sprayings : Bordeaux 

 mixture at intervals of 10 to 15 days, if 

 necessary. 



Spraying with Bordeaux mixture will 

 prevent the blighting of the plants and the 

 rotting of the tubers. 



CELERY. 



Leaf Blight. — First spraying: Bordeaux 

 mixture while in the seed bed. 



Second spraying : Bordeaux mixture a 

 week after transplanting. 



CUCUMBER AND SQUASH. 



For the Squash Bug. — Kill the early bugs, 

 and the yellowing eggs on the underside of 

 the leaves ; kill the bugs every morning 

 which collect under chips and boards placed 

 near the vines. 



For the Striped Cucumber Beetle. — Keep 

 vines well covered with Bordeaux mixture ; 

 cleanliness in garden in fall : protect young 

 vines with muslin or cheesecloth netting ; in- 



sect powder and flour as for cabbage worm ; 

 tobacco water and soft soap mixture 

 sprinkled on vines, followed by a dusting of 

 lime. 



ASPARAGUS. 



For Beetles. — Spray plants after cutting 

 season with paris green ; regular cutting of 

 all shoots. 



For Rust. — Cut and burn all plants in fall. 



CABBAGE. 



For Cabbage Worms and Lice. — Pyreth- 

 rum applied in solution (i ounce to 3 gal- 

 lons of water) or dusted on (i part pyreth- 

 rum to 5 parts flour). 



For Cabbage Root Maggots. — No thor- 

 oughly reliable remedy is known, but good 

 results have been obtained by using Goff's 

 tarred paper cards. These are pieces of tar- 

 red building paper, 3 inches in diameter. In 

 the centre is a hole through which the root 

 of the young cabbage is placed on trans- 

 planting. Card lies flat on ground. 



The Tomato Plantation 



L. w. 



EARLY tomatoes for the market are 

 often very profitable. Indeed, the 

 experience of many growers last summer 

 has encouraged them to plant largely. The 

 most desirable variety for early market is 

 the Earliana, which is being grown on a 

 large scale this spring by growers in the 

 Niagara district. The earlier the young 

 plants can be set in the open ground and es- 

 cape frost the better will be the results. 

 Many gardeners will plant about May 15 or 

 even earlier, and take their chances of a cold 

 spell. 



For the factory it is not necessary to plant 

 until June, but ev6n for those plants, it has 

 been found that the early planted give the 

 most pounds of fruit in the season, because 

 at best our season is too short for the plants 

 to reach their full maturity. 



The best distance apart is five feet each 

 way, the wide spaces giving room for better 



