264 



THE CANADIAN HORT1CULTURIS2 . 



10. That questions arising at any meeting of 

 directors shall be decided by a majority of 

 votes. In case of an equality of votes the 

 chairman, in addition to hisi original vote, shall 

 have a casting vote. 



11. That the secretary shall keep a record of 

 the proceedings at all meetings of the board 

 and of the shareholders of the company, and 

 sliall be the custodian of the seal of the com- 

 pany and of all books, papers, records, etc., be- 

 longing to the company, which he shall deliver, 

 when authorized so to do by a resolution of the 

 board, to such person or persons as may be 

 named in the resolution. 



12. That any shareholder holding not less 

 than five shares of the company's stock, and not 

 in arrears for payments on calls upon his stock, 

 may be elected a director. 



13. That the directors shall hold office for one 

 year, and until their successors shall be elected. 



14. That in case of the death of a director, or 

 his being unable to act as such, or his ceasing 

 to be a shareholder, the vacancy thereby created 

 may be filled for the unexpired portion of the 

 term by the board from among the qualified 

 shareholders of the company. 



15. That the company shall have a corporate 

 seal of such design as the board may determine, 

 which seal shall, whenever used, be authenti- 

 cated by the signature of the president and 

 secretary- treasurer. 



16. That the board shall from time to time fix 

 the salary or wages of the officers of the com- 

 pany. 



17. That the sum of one dollar per meeting 

 be paid to each director for his services. 



18. That the board shall have full power to 

 fix the amount of remuneration to be paid to 

 any member of the board who may act in an 

 official capacity. 



STOCK. 



19. That calls upon subscribed stock shall be 

 made from time to time as the board may de- 

 termine. No call shall exceed 25 per cent, of 



the subscribed stock, and there shall be an in- 

 terval of at least 30 days between calls. 



20. That the board shall have power to sum- 

 marily forfeit shares and the money paid en 

 them, upon any call having remained unpaid 

 for a period of six months after it shall be due 

 and payable, and such forfeited stock shall 

 thereupon become the property of the company 

 and may be disposed of in such manner as the 

 company in general meeting think fit. 



21. That receipts for payment of calls shall 

 be issued from time to time as such payments 

 are made, but stock certificates shall only be 

 issued when shares are fully paid up. * * * 



22. That shareholders may, with consent of 

 the board, but not otherwise, transfer their 

 shares, and such transfers shall be recorded in 

 a book required for the purpose. * * * 



ACCOUNTS. 



23. That the directors shall cause true ac- 

 counts to be kept of the stock in trade of the 

 company, of the sums of money received and 

 expended by the company, and the manner in 

 respect of which such receipt and expenditure 

 takes place, and of the credits and liabalities of 

 the company. ****** 



25. That once at least in every year the direc- 

 tors shall lay before the company in general 

 meeting a statement of the income and expen- 

 diture for the past year. A balance sheet shall 

 be made out every year, or oftener if desir- 

 able, and laid before the company in general 

 meeting, and such balance sheet shall contain 

 a summary of the property and liabilities of the 

 company arranged under the necessary headings. 



BANK ACCOUNT. 



26. That a bank account shall be kept in the 

 name of the company at a bank to be selected 

 by the board, and all checks shall be signed by 

 the secretary-treasurer and president of the 

 company. 



Three other rules provide for the appointment 

 of auditors, the borrowing of money, and the 

 making of changes in the by-laws. 



AN ENGLISH FRUIT BUYER'S VIEWS 



J. B, THOMAS, COVENT GARDEIN MARKET, LONDON, ENG. 



If Canadian growers desire to stimulate the 

 British demand it is necessary they should grow 

 only the best varieties of apples. 



As most of the standard varieties are very 

 prolific, it seems a waste of time to cultivate 

 sorts that will never be of any use for export. 

 In indicating the best kinds to grow, I can al- 

 most confine myself to four, viz., Baldwins, 

 Golden Russets, Spys and Greenings. 



There has been an idea prevailing for some 

 time that boxes are superior to barrels for 

 packing fruit. This is a great mistake. Not- 

 withstanding the fact that the London market 

 takes every year hundreds of thousands of 

 boxes of apples from California, Australia and 

 elsewhere, yet for Canadian apples there is but 

 one package, and that is the ordinary hardwood 

 barrel. There is no question that apples, if 

 properly packed in barrels, will carry better 

 than in any other way. 



There is another important point to be con- 

 sidered, and that is the shipping of the fruit and 

 the necessity of employing only the best steam- 

 ers. In my experience there has been more 

 money lost by apples being shipped in slow i)l- 

 ventilated steamers than through bad markets. 



Of late a marked improvement has been ap- 

 parent in the Canadian methods of growing, 

 packing and marketing apples. The fruit in- 

 spection law in Canada has proved very bene- 

 ficial, and also the different methods of pack- 

 ing. 



Although the Nova Scotian apples have 

 always been properly graded, yet it is only now 

 that Ontario has taken this up generally. The 

 result is it is much more satisfactory to buyers 

 to know that the contents of the barrels are 

 something like what is shown on the heads and 

 that the middle part is not filled up with in- 

 ferior and common grade fruit. 



