January, 1916. 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



13 



Notes on The Season's Fruit Trade 



E. H. Wartman, Dominion Fruit Inspector, Montreal 



THE export of apples from Montreal liave 

 been the smallest in my recoUection 

 of forty years' trade, 93,876 barrels 

 and 66,639 boxes. The record of this port 

 is over 700,000 barrels. Fortunately for 

 shippers, the season was mild, as there were 

 none frozen throughout the season. The 

 apples tested by thermometer showed tem- 

 perature not of a destroying nature. 



As I have inspected here apples from foul- 

 Provinces, I have come to the conclusion 

 that it has been the worst season for funge 

 diseases throughout the Dominion that fruit 

 men have ever had to encounter, and as in- 

 variably follows, large quantities of apples 

 have been graded seconds and thirds. The 

 seconds have come into common use and 

 are considered by the housewife to be an 

 economical asset at 75c a barrel less than 

 No. 1 fruit. This pack has beea uniformly 

 good this season, and much credit must be 

 given to the inspectors who know the tech- 

 nicalities of grading, and who have im- 

 parted to those in a quandary, as to what 

 to do, reliable and practical information 

 Just at the time when most needed. 



One very noticeable thing has been the 

 great number of cars of apples containing 

 15-0 barrels. These have shown clearly that 

 this number necessitates only three tiers, 

 which are easier loaded and unloaded, with 

 less breakage. To illustrate what I mean, I 

 might state that while Inspecting apples 

 close to where three cars were being un- 

 loaded, and the barrels being rolled into a 

 shed, two cars were unloaded that had 150 

 barrels piled In three tiers, without a broken 

 barrel. The other car had 200 barrels piled 

 in four tiers and in unloading, two barrels 

 uncontrolled from fourth tier fell. The face 

 end of one barrel came out and the tail end 



of the other. Imagine the loss on such re- 

 coopered barrels when the work is done in 

 a Imrry. Besides there are always those 

 who are eager to see a barrel break open in 

 order that they may get a pocket full. These 

 barrels would land in a slack, bruised condi- 

 tion, and sell for one dollar to one dollar 

 and fifty cents a barrel less than a good 

 sound barrel. Therefore I am led to -believe 

 the three tier car much the safer. 



The barrels this season were of the eight 

 hoop type, both strong in stave and hoop, 

 which reflects credit on our coopers. 



As our Northern Spy apples have touched 

 forty shillings per barrel, or nearly $10.00, 

 it shows how much our best varieties are 

 appreciated In the old land. Let us hope that 

 ■this cruel war will soon be over, that normal 

 conditions may reign once more when ail 

 nations will be at peace. Our fruit trade 

 would then flourish as never before. 



Vegetable Growers Had Losses 



The present year has not been a favor- 

 able one for vegetable growers in Ontario. 

 Speaking at tihe recent Lambton County 

 Horticultural Exhibition, the provincial 

 vegetable specialist, Mr. Johnson, of To- 

 ronto, said that the continued wet weather 

 from July 1 to the end of August caused 

 considerable losses in many parts of the 

 province. Also there had been more insects 

 which damage vegetables than had been 

 known in the past twenty-five years. Fun- 

 gus diseases had this year attacked vege- 

 tables that heretofore had been practically 

 immune to disease. The average loss in all 

 vegetable districts would amount to twenty- 

 five per cent.; some districts as high as 

 fifty per cent. As the vegetables produced 

 annually in Ontario are valued at over three 



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We wish every reader of 



THE CANADIAN 



HORTICULTURIST 



The Compliments cf the 



Season and a 

 Prosperous New Year 



Our new and enlarged 



Planting List 



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