98 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



Floral Edition. 



The Canadian Horticulturist 



COMBINED WITH 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 

 AND BEEKEEPER 



with which has been Incorporated 



The Canadian Bee Journal. 



Published by The Horticultural 



Publishing Company, Limited, 



PETERBORO, ONTARIO 



H. BRONSON COWAN, Managing Director. 



The Only Magazines In Their Field in the 

 Dominion 

 Official Organs of the Ontario and 

 Quebec Fruit Growers' Associations 

 and of the Ontario, Manitoba and 

 Wew Brunswlclt Beekeepers' Associ- 

 ations. 



REPRESENTATIVES 

 UNITED STATES 

 STOCKWBLL'S SPECIAL, AGENCY. 

 Chicago Office — People's Gas Building. 

 New York Office — Tribune Building. 



GREAT BRITAIN 

 W. A. Mountttephen, 16 Regent St., London, 8.W. 



1. The Canadian Horticulturist is published in 

 three editions on the 2Bth day of the month 

 preceding date of issue. The first edition is 

 known as the fruit edition, and is devoted 

 chiefly to the commercial fruit Interests. The 

 second edition is Itnown as the floral edition, 

 and Is devoted chiefly to the interests of ama- 

 teur flower, fruit and vegetable growers. The 

 third edition is known as The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist and Beekeeper. In this edition several 

 pages of matter appearing in the flrst and 

 second issues are replaced by an equal number 

 of pages of matter relating to the beekeeping 

 Interests of Canada. 



2. Subscription price of The Canadian Horti- 

 culturLst In Canada and Great Britain, $1.00 a 

 year; three years for $2.00. and of The Cana- 

 dian Horticulturist and Beekeeper. Jl.OO a year. 

 For United States and local subscriptions in 

 Peterboro (not called for at the Post Office). 

 25 cents extra a year, including postage. 



S. Remittances should be made by Post Office 

 or Express Money Order, or Registered Letter. 



4. Change of Address — When a change of ad- 

 dress is ordered, both the old and the new ad- 

 dresses must be given. 



B. Advertising rates, $1.<0 an inch. Copy re- 

 ceived up to the 20th. Address all advertising 

 correspondence and copy to our Advertising 

 Manager, Peterboro, Ont. 



CIRCULATION STATEMENT 

 The following Is a sworn statement of the net 

 paid clrculfltlon of ThP Canadinn Tlortlciilturlst 

 for the year ending with December 1015. The 

 figures given are exclusive of samples and 

 ■polled copies. Most months, including the 

 sample copies, from 11,000 to 13.000 copies of 

 The Canadian Hortlculturi.it are mailed to peo- 

 ple known to be Intere.ited in the growing of 

 fruits. flnw*^r« or vf^cetable.s. 



January. 1915 ...11,158 August, 1915 10.294 



February, 1915 ..10,M2 September, 1915 .10.067 



March, 1915 10.864 October. 1915 ...10,017 



April, 1915 10,917 November, 1915 . 9,704 



May, 1915 10,927 December, 1915 . 9,253 



June, 1915 10,329 



July, 1915 10,448 Total 124,920 



Average each Issue In 1907 6,627 



Average each Issue In 1915 10,410 



Sworn detailed statements will be mailed upon 

 application. 



OUR GUARANTEE 



We guarantee that every advertiser in this 

 Issue is reliable. We are able to do this because 

 the advertising columns of The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist are as carefully edited as the reading 

 columns, and becau.ie to protect our readers we 

 turn away all unscrupulous advertisers. Should 

 any advertiser herein deal dishonestly with any 

 subscriber, we will make good the amount of 

 bis loss, provided such transaction occurs within 

 one month from date of this i.ssue, that It is 

 reported to us within a week of its occurrence, 

 and that we And the facts to he as stated. It 

 U a condition of this contract that in writing to 

 advertisers you state: "I saw your advertise- 

 ment In The Canadian Horticulturist." 



Rogues shall not apply their trade at the ex- 

 pense of our .subscribers, who are our friends, 

 through the medium of these columns; but we 

 shall not attempt to adjust trifling disputes be- 

 tween sub.sorlbers and honorable business men 

 who advertise, nor pay the debts of honest 

 bankrupts. 



Communications should be addressed 

 THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST, 



PETERBORO. ONT. 



Home Markets Shrinking 



Most ot us are so busy seeking methods 

 of overcoming the daily problems that re- 

 quire our personal .-ittention it is ofttimes 

 difficult for us to realize that our prosperity 

 may be almost equally wrapped up in the 

 proper solution of larger issues directly 

 affecting the welfare of the nation, and 

 even nations, of which we form a part. Yet 

 the fact is, there are social and economic 

 issues pressing for speedy adjustment on 

 this continent whicli, if not dealt with in 

 time, may overwhelm our much-boasted 

 twentieth century civilization. 



Attention was drawn on a previous occa- 

 sion in The Canadian Horticulturist to a 

 remark made at the Dominion Fruit Con- 

 ference, two years ago, by Mr. Elmer Licit, 

 ot Oshawa, during a discussion of home 

 marlcets. In effect Mr. iLiok said: "The 

 disturbing fact that confronts us, when we 

 study tlie possibilities of our home mar- 

 kets, is the large percentage of the people 

 who are not able to buy apples at any price." 

 This condition is one of far-reaching im- 

 portance to the fruit grower. If the pro- 

 portion of our large urban population which 

 can purchase fruit is increasing from year 

 to year, then the outlet at home for our 

 fruit will increase in proportion, and many 

 of the disastrous effects now expected to 

 result from the heavy overplantings of the 

 last few years may never occur. Should 

 it be, however, that the proportion of peo- 

 ple who are unable to "buy fruit is increas- 

 ing steadily, even it more or less un- 

 observed, then our markets will be cor- 

 respondingly curtailed and the benefits it 

 is now expected will result from the adop- 

 tion ot •cooperative methods and improved 

 principles of orchard practice will be large- 

 ly annulled, and conditions may even grow 

 worse instead ot better. 



Steadily tor several years back the dif- 

 ficulty ot finding profllable markets for our 

 fruit has been increasing. Everywhere 

 fruit growers are awakening to the men- 

 ace of this new condition. A tew years 

 ago almost the only subjects discussed at 

 the annual conventions of fruit growers 

 were those which related to methods of 

 cultivation and orchard practice. To-day 

 questions ot marketing monopolize the at- 

 tention of those who attend these gather- 

 ings. Mr. iBush, of Morton, N.Y., expresses 

 the situation very clearly in this issue In 

 his statement that "it is not a question any 

 longer ot how to grow good fruit, or how 

 to Increase the yield; it is a question of 

 how to sell it." 



The fact is, as students of economics have 

 noticed tor some years, the proportion ot 

 people able to purchase fruit is rapidly 

 declining. This is due to the fact that 

 wealth is just as rapidly concentrating in 

 the hands of the few. The wealthy are 

 growing more wealthy; the poor, poorer. 



Because ot the increasing social unrest 

 which has been leading to costly and Taloody 

 strikes in the United States, the govern- 

 ment of that country, some two years ago, 

 appointed a commission ot experts to in- 

 vestigate conditions and report as to needed 

 remedies. The report ot this commission 

 has been made public. It reveals an alarm- 

 ing condition. The national government is 

 warned that unless it addresses itself whole- 

 heartedly to the adjustment of conditions 

 the welfare of the nation will be imperilled. 



We have not the exact figures beside ua 

 at the moment, but according to this re 

 port approximately 60 per cent, ot the 

 wealth ot the nation is controlled by 5 pei 

 cent, of the population, and 3o per cent, 

 ot the wealth by 30 per cent, ot the popula- 

 tion. The remaining 60 per cent, ot the 

 population controls only 5 per cent, of the 

 wealth. In some large industries as high 

 as 37 per cent, of the men employed are 

 unable to earn enough to support their 

 families. This condition has compelled 

 their wives to work in order to earn enough 

 to maintain their families. In New York 

 over 90 per cent, ot the people do not own 

 their own homes, and 9 per cent, ot those 

 who die are buried in paupers' graves. 

 These conditions do not apply only to the 

 urban population. Tenancy Is increasing 

 rapidly among the farmers. In some coun- 

 ties as high as 70 per cent, of the farmers 

 are tenants, and in some states over 50 

 per cent, are tenants. Startling evidences 

 ot degeneration are appearing in these 

 communities. 



It will not do for us to say that "these 

 conditions apply only to the United States. 

 Such a statement would not be true. The 

 same forces -which have been working in 

 the States are operating in Canada. They 

 have been the cause of the slums which of 

 late years have become a feature ot such 

 cities as Montreal, Toronto, Winnipeg, and 

 even of some ot our smaller cities. We 

 have not space here to refer to the reme- 

 dies recommended in the report of the 

 United States commission already referred 

 to. Mention will -be made ot them later. 

 We must first recognize and admit the ex- 

 istence of these conditions and the influence 

 they are destined to have on our welfare 

 before we will be -willing to consider the 

 radical remedies that have been proposed 

 for their removal 



Protect the Plants 



With the advent of spring an uncontroll- 

 able desire seizes upon thousands to wander 

 forth from the towns and cities of our land 

 into the wood.s and dells in search of the 

 beautiful wild flowers that make the leafy 

 spaces glorious. We all sympathize with 

 this feeling tor we have all felt and given 

 away to it and hope to do so again, many 

 times in the future. The unfortunate fea- 

 ture of it is, however, that many of those 

 who thus go forth pick the graceful deni- 

 zens of the wood for the mere passing 

 pleasure of carrying them home. It does 

 not seem to occur to such that their acts 

 may destroy the plants and even help to 

 result in their extinction as a species. 



Already in Canada there are many fine 

 groves ot trees in which wild flowers used 

 to bloom profusely but from which they have 

 disappeared forever through the careless ac- 

 tions of the thoughtless flower hunter. Most 

 people who love a flower well enough to 

 seek and pick it in the woods, love it well 

 enough to refrain from picking it if shown 

 the harmful effects likely to attend such an ] 

 act. There is a great educational work to 

 be done. 



We would like to see horticultural socle- 

 ties this spring throughout the length and 

 breadth of Canada take steps to protect our 

 native wild flo-wers. Now is the time to do 

 it. Notices inserted in the local papers, 

 signs posted in the woods, talks given to the 

 children in the schools and even the pass- 

 ing ot bylaws by municipal councils and park 

 commissioners would be attended by valu- 

 able results. Who will enlist in the cam- 

 paign this spring to protect the flowers we 

 all love? 



