Jane, 1916. 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



159 



Montreal Fruit Trade 



E. H. Wariman, Dominion Fruit Inspector 



On March 29 our first full car of berries 

 came to hand from Louisiana in. fine order, 

 and selling well, all in pint boxes. Since 

 that date twenty-nine cars have arrived, 

 with few exceptions in good order. In some 

 cases from the time of picking up to date 

 of sale six days elapsed, and still these 

 berries were in fair order. The cars being 

 well iced and weather very cool here pro- 

 longed their life. 



The transportation, icing and duty on 

 this fruit is a big item. I am of the opinion 

 that the net profits to dealers have been 

 small. There is a fascination in the trade, 

 as when one makes 1300 to $400 net on a 

 car it is an encouragement to proceed'. But 

 it is quite as easy to lose these amounts, 

 which growers then conclude is their bad 

 luck. 



Our sup'plies of strawberries: to-day are 

 from Tennessee in quarts and crates, 

 marked 24 full quarts. One feature is very 

 satisfactory in these berries; the boxes 

 arrive uniformly full. Last year boxes of 

 Ontario berries were better filled than in 

 previous years, yet some packers seemed 

 to begrudge the extra iandful, and their 

 boxes were sold as slacks and the shipper 

 was the loser in the end. 



Our first mixed car of California fruits 

 arrived May 22 In good order and sold 

 well. It comprised cherries, plums, apri- 

 rots and peaches. The importer was Geo. 

 V'ipond & Co., who have had a long experi- 

 ence in the importation of these fruits. 



Reasons for Cooperative Failures 



F. G. H. Pattison, Winona, Ont. 



Although the principles of cooperation 

 lie founded upon a rock, and wherever 

 >roper](y carried out will infallibly lead to 

 iiccess, yet, an both our own and other 

 ')untrj^_;tt5P W-'??^ of ;C9Pperation to final 

 success _J^^aitt^4B|58i" J^->ft, considerable per- 

 rtsntag-p "nf wrp,ck« and failures along the 



Cooperation is a plant which naturally 

 seems to grow more easily in European than 

 in American or Canadian soil, and Great 

 Britain, Ireland, Denmark, Holland, Sweden, 

 and many other European countries have 

 already experienced its manifold benefits 

 for many years. 

 The United States, however, of recent 

 nars has made great progress, over a bil- 

 .lon dollars' worth of agricultural products 

 nig sold annually by cooperatives in that 

 ntry, while more than 1,000 cooperative 

 It and produce associations are carrying 

 on business there more or less successfully. 

 In Canada, too, while much of the work 

 is still educative and experimental, coopera- 

 tion is fast passing beyond the experimental 

 stage, and in the fruit business alone a fair 

 number of cooperatives have attained suc- 

 cess, probably the most successful of all 

 being the United Pruit Growers of Nova 

 Scotia. One feature stands out prominently, 

 however, in the history of fruit coopera- 

 tion in iboth Canada and the United State.s, 

 and that is that few communities attain 

 cooperation until necessity compels them; 

 In other words, till they are squeezed into it. 

 In Ontario some of the fruit growing co- 

 operative associations have failed alto- 

 gether, andl others have attained but a 

 iiiiall measure of success from one or more 

 if the following causes: 



1. Lack of the proper co-operative spirit 

 to start with. This is the chief cause of 

 failure, and therefore it is not advisable to 

 start a cooperative association in any local- 

 ity until the people are possessed of a cer- 

 tain amount of faith in the principles of 

 cooperation, and are determined to give it 

 a fair trial and not to be frightened by some 

 failures and discouragements during the in- 

 ception of the business. No great business, 

 whether corporate or private, was ever built 

 up without a number of such failures and 

 discouragements, especially at the start. 



Many associations have gone to pieces 

 from lack of a good business manager. In a 

 cooperative very much depends upon the 

 manager. It is essential that he should be 



a good business man. To obtain such, a fair 

 salary must be paid. No association can 

 attain success if there is disloyalty to the 

 Association and individual jealousy between 

 the members. Therefore it is wise to es- 

 tablish a severe penalty for anyone who 

 disposes of his fruit outside of the As- 

 sociation. It is simply impossible for the 

 manager to make a good showing it mem- 

 bers sell their 'best fruit privately, and give 

 only their second class stuff to the Associa- 

 tion. A good reputation cannot be built up 

 in this way for the Association, and there- 

 fore all the fruit of the individual members 

 should be sold through the Association. 



Jealousy, too, as to one member getting 

 a little more than another should have no 



EUROPEAN FOUL BROOD 



is spreading in various parts of the 

 country. The first step in its cure 

 is a vigorous strain of ITALIANS 



The Root Strain of Bees have shown 

 . . Themselves to be Highly Resistant . . 



While we do not claim their introduction will alone cure European Foul 

 Brood, or that it will not make a start in their colonies, we have reports 

 of where they have, with a little help, fought themselves nearly 

 clean of European Foul Brood which was all around them in black and 

 hybrid colonies. 



These queens will be ready for delivery about June 1. Orders will be 

 filled in rotation. Later In the season we will make delivery promptly. 

 PRICES. — Our regular price is $1.50 in June and $1.00 after July 1 for 

 untested queens; but we will club them with Gleanings in Bee Culture 

 for one year and a queen for $1.50, provided we can fill orders for 

 queens when we have a surplus of them. This will probably be July 

 and August. 



The A. I. Root Company - - Medina, Ohio 



Three Banded and Golden 

 Italian Queens 



Untested— $1.00 each; 6 for $5.00; 12 for 

 $9.00. 



Selected untested— 1 tor $1.25; 6 for $7.00; 

 12 for $14.00. 



W. R. STIRLING 



Queen Breeder. RIDGETOWN, ONT. 



Send for Price List. Cash with Order. 



QUEENS 



Three band Italian.s, bred for honey and 

 gentleness. From imported stock of medium 



color. 



1 6 12 



Unte.sted $0.75 $4.25 $ 8.00 



Select untested . 1.00 4.75 9.00 



Tested 1.50 8.75 17.00 



Breeders, $3.00 to $5.00. 



Every queen PURELY mated. Safe de- 

 livery and perfect satisfaction guaranteed. 



N. FOREHAND, 



Fort Deposit, - Ala., U.S. A. 



Bees by the Pound, Nuclei 

 or Colonies 



We are still booking orders. Northern or 

 southern bred, and bred for business. Hard 

 to excel. 



Let us quote you prices on large or small 

 quantities. Our prices are right. We guar- 

 antee safe delivery or money refunded. 

 BEE SUPPLIES. 



Sole Agents for Root's Famous Goods. 

 ALSO Canadian made goods. 



Anything from %" cement coated nail to a 

 Power Fxtracting Outfit. 



All kinds of Bee Literature. Ask for Cat- 

 alogue. 



Address — 



THE ROOT CANADIAN HOUSE, 

 185 Wright Ave., Toronto, Ont. 



Italian Queens 



Three-Banded 



Reaxly April 1, of an excep- 

 tionally vigorous and long- 

 lived strain of bees. They 

 are gentle, prolific, and tlie best of honey 

 gatherers. Untested, $1.00; 3, $2.75: 6, $6.00; 

 12, $9.00. Tested, $1.25; 6, $6.50: 12, $12.50. 

 Send for my free circular and price list, and 

 see the natural conditions under which ray 

 queens are raised. Will book orders now. 



JOHN G. MILLER, Corpus Christi, Texas 



Corner C St., and Coleman Ave. 



