August, 1916. 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



Annapolis Valley 



Eunice Buchanan 



Although there was no late frost in the 

 Annapolis Valley, June was exceptionally 

 lacking in sunshine, having fifteen days 

 when It rained — and at times very heavily. 

 July has made no change so far (July 4th), 

 ah it has rained three days out of four, some 

 of the downpours exceeding those of June. 



Strawberries promised an enormous crop, 

 as the first blossoms were not injured by 

 frost. The first berries were gathered about 

 June 24th, and made 20c at the station, but 

 the continued rains have softened the fruit 

 and made it difficult to pick. 



Those who were fortunate enough to get 

 their seeds in early have luxuriant peas, 

 /spinach, lettuce, and such-like small stuff, 

 • specially If they hoed early; but those who 



ere later may stand under umbrellas and 

 watch the weeds racing the plants. In 

 rlaces, some of the crops are under water, 

 "omatoes were planted after June 10th, and 



o.ssomed about June 19th. 



The first cutworms were noticed on June 

 4th, but we soon ended their raids with a 

 damp bran mash tinted with Paris green. 

 Seeding down and other work has been de- 

 layed, but the weather conditions have not 

 hindered the ravages of the green apple bug 

 or of the canker worms. Some orchards 

 have been badly atta,cked by the latter. 

 '\\'h,at looks suspiciously like fire blight has 

 appeared in several orchards; some of the 

 alTected trees are dying in groups after leaf- 

 ing out. 



In unsprayed orchards, spots are develop- 

 ing rapidly, especially on the Gravensteins; 

 in sprayed orchards, where the spray missed 

 the tree tops, spot is also appearing, but 

 considering the muggy weather there is not 

 as much spot as one would expect. By the 

 end of another week we shaH be better able 



to judge the prospects for a clean apple 

 crop. 

 Berwick, July 4th, 1916. 



Late Blight of Potatoes 



Late blight makes its presence in the field 

 known when the vines are about 10 inches 

 high. The disease first appears on the un- 

 der surface of the leaf. The best time to 

 detect this disease Is early in the morning 

 when the dew is still on the leaves. At 

 that time slight growths of white mould 

 will be seen, which disappears as the tem- 

 perature of the day increases. These growths 

 will be found on brownish-black spots, some- 

 what irregular in outline and occurring in 

 the beginning near the edge of the leaf. As 

 the disease becomes more intense, it spreads 

 over the entire vine. The result of this 

 disease is early death of the vines, a small 

 yield of potatoes and rotting in the bin of 

 potatoes from diseased vines. 



Spraying the vines prevents late blight. 

 Bordeaux mixture has been found the most 

 efficient mixture. The home-made mixture 

 is by far better than the prepared mixtures 

 sold on the market. Substitutes for Bor- 

 deaux mixture, such as lead arsenate and 

 sulphur have been found unsatisfactory. 

 Lead arsenate is slow in action and often 

 clogs the spray nozzles. 



The principle involved in the use of a 

 spray to prevent blight Is based upon the 

 method of the spread of these diseases. The 

 small germs causing the blight are blown 

 by the wind from field to field and from 

 plant to plant. The germs fall on the leaves 

 and there germinate. A thin film of Bor- 

 deaux mixture on the surface of the leaf will 

 kill the germ when It lights and thus pre- 

 vents disease. 



Making Bordeaux Mixture. 



The usual formula for the preparation of 



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Annual Exhibition and Fall Packing Number 



Published September 1st 



THIS is our big Annual Pall Special and is one of our best and most important issues. 

 It is puMisbed just when our fruit growers are planning for their fall and winter work. 

 Several hundred sample copies, too, will be distributed at the Canadian National Exhibition 

 b}' our representatives. 



SPECIAL COVER 



The front cover will be a spe- 

 cial full page cover design, print- 

 ed on heavy coated stock. It will 

 add much to the attractiveness of 

 the issue. 



ARTICLES 



A splendid array of special 

 articles is being arranged. These 

 will deal largely with the fall 

 problems of the fruit grower — 

 packing, s:hipping and mai-keting 

 fruit — ^and will be secured from 

 aAithorities on these questions. 



RATES 



Advertisers who are planning 

 fall campaigns and wish to get in 

 touch with the progressive fruit 

 grower will do well to reserve 

 space early in this Special Num- 

 ber. Rates are as usual — $1.40 

 per incih per insertion. 



FOR OUR BEST SERVICE RESERVE SPACE NOW. 

 COPY MAY BE SENT UP TO AUGUST 25tli. 



The Canadian Horticulturist 



Peterboro, Ontario 



