224 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



K!r.-al KHjti 



TheCaaadian Horticulturist 



COMBINED WITH 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 

 AND BEEKEEPER 



with which has been Incorporated 



The Canadian Bee Journal. 



Published by The Horticultural 



Publishing Company, Limited, 



PETERBORO. ONTARIO 



H. BRONSON COWAN, Managing Director. 



The Only Magazines In Their Field In the 

 Dominion 

 Official Organs of the Ontario and 

 Quebec Fruit Growers' Associations 

 and of the Ontario, Manitoba and 

 New Brunswick Beekeepers' Associ- 

 ations. 



REPRESENTATIVES 



UNITED STATES 

 STOCKWBLL'S SPECIAL AGENCY. 

 Chicago Office — People's Gas Building. 

 New York Office— Tribune Building. 



GREAT BRITAIN 

 W. H. Mountttephen, 18 Regent St., London, S.W. 



1. The Canadian Horticulturist is published in 

 three editions on the 2Bth day of the month 

 preceding date of issue. The first edition is 

 known as the fruit edition, and is devoted 

 chiefly to the commercial fruit Interests. The 

 second edition is known as the floral edition, 

 and Is devoted chiefly to the Interests of ama- 

 teur flower, fruit and vegetable growers. The 

 third edition is known as The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist and Beekeeper. In this edition several 

 pages of matter appearing in the first and 

 second issues are replaced by an equal number 

 of pages of matter relating to the beekeeping 

 Interests of Canada. 



2. Subscription price of The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist In Canada and Great Britain, $1.00 a 

 year: three years for J2.00. and of The Cana- 

 dian Horticulturist and Beekeeper, Jl.OO a year. 

 For United States and local subscriptions In 

 Peterboro (not called for at the Post Office). 

 IS cents extra a year. Including postage. 



S. Remittances should be made by Post Office 

 or Express Money Order, or Registered Letter. 



4. Change of Address — When a change of ad- 

 dress is ordered, both the old and the new ad- 

 dresses must be given. 



I. Advertising rates, $1.40 an Inch. Copy re- 

 ceived up to the 20th. Address all advertising 

 correspondence and copy to our Advertising 

 Manager, Peterboro, Ont 



CIRCULATION STATEMENT 

 The following is a sworn statement of the net 

 paid circulation of The Canadian Horttcnlturlst 

 for the year ending with December 1915. The 

 figures given are exclusive of samples and 

 spoiled copies. Most months. Including the 

 sample copies, from 11,000 to 13,000 copies of 

 The Canadian Horticulturist are mailed to peo- 

 ple known to be Interested In the growing of 

 fruits, flowers or vegetable.s. 



January, 1916 ,.. 11,168 August, 1916 10,294 



February, 1916 ..10,»42 September, 1916 .10,067 



March. 1916 10,864 October. 1915 ..,10,017 



April, 1916 10,917 November, 1915 . 9,704 



May, 1916 10,927 December, 1916 . 9,263 



June, 1915 10,329 —I— 



July, 1915 10,448 Total 124,920 



Average each Issue In 1907 6,627 



Average each Issue In 1915 10,410 



Sworn detailed statements will be mailed upon 

 application. 



OUR GUARANTEE 



We guarantee that every advertiser In this 

 Issue is reliable. We are able to do this because 

 the advertising columns of The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist are as carefully edited as the reading 

 columns, and because to protect our readers we 

 turn away all unscrupulous advertisers. Should 

 any advertiser herein deal dishonestly with any 

 subscriber, we will make good the amount of 

 his loss, provided such tran.«action occurs within 

 one month from date of this Issue, that It Is 

 reported to us within a week of Its occurrence 

 and that we find the facts to be as stated. It 

 Is a condition of this contract that In writing to 

 advertisers you state: "T saw vour advertise- 

 ment In The Canadian Horticulturist." 



Rogues shall not apply their trade at the ex- 

 pense of our subscribers, who are our friends, 

 through the medium of these columns: but we 

 shall not attempt to adju.st trifling disputes be- 

 tween subscribers and honorable business men 

 who advertise, nor pay the debts of honest 

 bankrupts. 



Communications should be addressed 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST, 



PETERBORO. ONT. 



the movement for the slandardizaiioa of 

 several different kind.s of imckages. 



Government Interference 



When the advisability of asking for legis- 

 lation to regulate the size and construction 

 of the much-di.scuvssed "Economy" apple 

 crate was under consideration at the last 

 annual convention of the Ontario Fruit 

 Growers' A.ssociation vigorous exception to 

 such action was taken on the ground that 

 there is too much government interference 

 now in matters of that character, with the 

 result that the liberties of the individual 

 have been curtailed and freedom of initia- 

 tive hampered. The charge was made that 

 certain government regulations have injured, 

 not aided, the industry. While there is 

 much of truth in these contentions, the his- 

 tory of the progress of the fruit industry 

 indicate.s that in due time users of the 

 Economy crate will have to submit to gov- 

 ernmental regulations concerning its size 

 and construction, in order that it may be- 

 come standardized in just the same way that 

 f.he construction of other packages has been 

 regulated in the past. In addition it is safe 

 to state that the vast majority of the laws 

 that have been enacted in matters of this 

 kind have proved of distinct benefit, both 

 to the individual and to the community. 



When the people of the nation to our 

 south broke away from the mother land 

 and established a government of their own 

 they were so apprehensive that the govern- 

 ment of the country might drift into the 

 hands of a few (people and thus result in 

 monarchical conditions being reestablished 

 on this continent, they went to fhe other 

 extreme and endeavored to have practically 

 all the power placed in the hands of the 

 people. The rights of the state govern- 

 ments as against those of the national gov- 

 ernments were jealously guarded. The r"- 

 sult has been disastrous in many ways. To 

 quote only one out of many instances that 

 mig-ht be cited, the people of the United 

 States to-day are unable to enact legislation 

 such as our Dominion Fruit Marks Act, be- 

 cause their constitution leaves the regula- 

 tion of all such matters in the hands of the 

 state governments. Some states have en- 

 deavored to deal with the situation, others 

 have not. There is no such thing as uni- 

 formity of action. The result has been that 

 the people of the states are now endeavor- 

 ing to reform their sy.stem of government 

 in ways that will give the national govern- 

 ment more power to legislate in matters of 

 this character. 



In the past, when Canadian fruit growers 

 were free to use any style of fruit box they 

 desired, chaos was the final result. The es- 

 tablishment of a government standard bo'^ 

 was strongly opposed at first, but has proved 

 a great blessing to the fruit industry. In 

 western Canada, already, several kinds of 

 open crates are in use and much confusion 

 has resulted. It may be necessary for On- 

 tario fruit growers to make some of the 

 old mistakes over again, but inevitably the 

 time will come (when they will ask for 

 greater uniformity in the construction and 

 size of this package, just as they are now 

 seeking to astablish better standards in the 

 matter of berry packages. The fact that 

 the Economy crate is likely to be in consid- 

 erable demand this season ind'cates th^it 

 the time may be near when government 

 action for its standardization will not only 

 not be opnosed but urged. The excellent 

 article by Mr. Slack in this issue shows that 

 the pressure of conditions is fast advancing 



Street Boulevard.s 



It was our privilege during July and the 

 first part of August to visit practically all 

 the leading cities of the prairie provinces. 

 The climatic conditions in the west are such 

 that many of the trees and varieties of 

 flowers that give such a charm to eastern 

 towns and cities do not thrive on the 

 prairies. One of the first things an east- 

 erner notices, therefore, when in the west 

 is the bareness of the landscape and the 

 absence of many of the familiar flowers so 

 common in Ontario gardens. 



In other ways a number of the western 

 cities put the east to shame. Profiting by 

 the mistakes we have made they have laid 

 out their .streets and boulevards on a more 

 generous scale. Municipal regulations often 

 require that the boulevards shall be main- 

 tained in good condition. In some cases 

 the work is attended to by the municipality 

 ■and charged against the lot owner. The 

 result is that visitors are frequently most 

 favorably impressed by the fine appearance 

 of re-sidential streets with their spacious 

 lawns, avenues of native trees or shrubs and 

 trim, well-kept boulevards. 



In the east when a man improves his re- 

 sidence by planting a garden and setting 

 out window boxes and hanging baskets, he 

 is in danger of having his taxes increased. 

 The Guelph Horticultural Society not long 

 since made a public protest against this 

 condition. Western property owners are 

 not so afflicted, as almost all the cities ex- 

 empt improvements from taxation and tax 

 land values only. The fear that such a 

 system of taxation would lead householders 

 to forego their lawns and gardens to save 

 taxes has been proved to have been ground- 

 less. The saving in the taxes on improve- 

 ments more than offsets the tax on the land 

 occupied by the average lawn or garden. 

 The immediate result, also, of any attempt 

 of propertv ow^ners to crowd together is to 

 increase the value of their land and thus 

 their tax bills, .so automatically they are 

 rather encouraged to spread out and live 

 where land is not too expensive. Most 

 cities in the west, because of the optimism 

 that has been a characteristic of their 

 growth, occupy too much rather than too 

 little land. Certain it is that we in the 

 east have much we can learn from the west 

 in the matter of civic beautiflcation. 



Climatic conditions this season in On- 

 tario have been such that there is going to 

 be more than the usual nercentage of low 

 grade fruit to market this fall. Provision 

 should be made to meet this condition. One 

 of the saddest sights of our much boasted 

 modern civilization is to see people in our 

 city slums and even our industrious work- 

 ing classes anxious but unable to secure the 

 fruit that often is a drug on the hands of 

 the fruit grower. Home canning outfits are 

 inexpensive and often provide a means of 

 marketing much fruit that otherwise would 

 be wasted. Fruit growers who have not 

 done so might well consider the advisability 

 of investing in one of these outfits this sea- 

 son. The evaporation of apples is not dif- 

 ficult. Many growers might save a consid- 

 erable percentage of their crop by evapor- 

 ating some of their poorer grades of apples. 



I 



Fruit growers as a class have been insist- 

 ent in demanding fair treatment from the 

 railways. Nevertheless they desire to see 

 the railways do well. While it is generally 

 realized that parts of the country have more 

 railway lines than are required this is not 

 sufficient to explain the necessity that ap- 



