September, 1916. 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



227 



sideration when settling standards for pack- 

 ages, other than to see that our packages 

 do not impress Blm that he is being treated 

 unfairly. 



To have packages to accommodate our 

 various fruits, it would be advisable to 

 select an apple box and crate, pear box, 

 peach box, lug box, four basket crate, berry 

 crate and cantaloupe crate. These pack- 

 ages, I believe, would be ample for all pur- 

 poses. 



Apple Boxes. 



The apple box has frequently been dis- 

 cussed and no decision has ever been 

 reached in regard to it. We have for do- 

 mestic purposes two sizes to select from, 

 both of which are in use in British Colum- 

 bia. One is the box specified for export in 

 the Inspection and Sales Act, Section 32-5, 

 which has inside dimensions of 10 x 11 x 20 

 inches, containing 2,200 cubic inches, while 

 the other is the Oregon box, with inside 

 dimensions of 10% x 11% x 18 inches, cubic 

 contents being 2,173% cubic inches. As far 

 as the adaptability of these packages for 

 apples is concerned I do not believe there 

 is very much difference. Tf anything, the 

 Oregon box has the advantage. The chief 

 argument in favor of the Oregon box, to my 

 idea, is that the length is identical with the 

 pear and peach box. This is a very import- 

 ant point, as it enables the mills to produce 

 cheaper by utilizing material for other pack- 

 ages that otherwise would be wasted. It is 

 certainly an advantage in warehousing 

 shook and loading mixed cars. It would 

 also be of convenience to the trade in ware- 

 housing at distributing points. 



Some objections may be raised due to the 

 fact that our Australian markets require a 

 different package. It is unfortunate that 

 such is the case, but, nevertheless, I am of 

 the opinion that it will be to our advantage 

 to adopt the Oregon box for domestic pur- 

 poses. 



Apple Crates. 



Jn regard to apple crates it is obvious 

 that some steps should be taken in order to 

 have only one size in use. Undoubtedly 

 several ideas exist as to wh"at constitutes 

 the best package for this purpose. I would 

 suggest for your consideration that fhe 

 apple crate should be of the same dimen- 

 sions as the apple box, if for no other reason 

 than to endeavor to have as many of our 

 packages as possible of a uniform length. 



In regard to the peach box, we have one 

 in use in British Columbia measuring 11 x 

 18 inches inside, and another measuring 

 11% X 18 inches. I think we should agree 

 as to which of these two packages to adopt. 

 It will, of course, be necessary to have sev- 

 eral different depths, and T would suggest 

 3%, 4 and 4% inches. In regard to the 

 width, 11% inches would be the same as 

 the apple and pear box suggested, with the 

 accompanying advantages. 



Pear Boxes. 



'Regarding the pear box, I would suggest 

 !he one measuring 11% inches wide, 8% 

 nches deep and 18 inches in length inside. 

 This would give us a package of the same 

 length and width as the apple and peach 

 box suggested. In view of the fact that a 

 lug package is now being used for some 

 markets, it would, I consider, be desirable 

 to standardize one. Various packages have 

 been used for this purpose, but the results 

 of my observations would favor the Pacific 

 lug, as used by the Pacific Fruit & Produce 

 Co. This package is used largely for 

 cherries and Is shipped containing 25 lbs. 

 net by weight. It measures 14 inches in 

 width, .')% inches deep and 16% inches in 

 length, having a hand gouge on each end, 

 with a cleat 14 x 1% x % inches under the 



cover, which permits a free circulation of 

 air. 



In considering the deep pint hallock, the 

 packer, I believe, should receive the first 

 consideration in determining the specifica- 

 tions. It seems to me that the hallock, 

 measuring 4% x 4% x 1% inches would be 

 a trifle shallow to accommodate two layers 

 of large berries, and the size used^ in Hood 

 River, Kennewick, etc., 4^4 x iVi x 1% 

 inches might be more suitable. 



In regard to the four basket crate, I am 

 of the opinion that the tin top should be 

 standardized. The one in general use in 

 British Columbia measures 7% x 7% inches 

 at top, 6% x 6% inches at bottom, and 3% 

 inches in depth. Some are being made 7% 

 X 7% inches at top, 6% x 6% inches at bot- 

 tom, and 3% inches deep. This basket is 

 accommodated in a crate 4% inches, deep, 

 which Is one-quarter inch deeper than the 

 one in general use in British Columbia. 

 Washington has at least two sizes in use, 

 one measuring 8x8 inches at top, 6% x 6% 

 inches at bottom, and 3% inches in depth, 

 while the other, wliich to my idea is to be 

 commended, measures 7% x 7% inches at 

 top, 6% x 6% inches at bottom, and 3% 

 inches deep. This package, I believe, will 

 assist us in overcoming the slack plum pack 

 often in evidence from British Columbia. 



The canteloupe crate needs attention. 

 The package that is apparently best suited 

 for this purpose is 12 inches in width, 11 

 inches deep, and 22^/4 inches in length, in- 

 side measurement. 



Assuming that our packages have been 

 standardized', there are other matters re- 

 garding packages that require our attention. 

 Some markets require fruit in different 

 packages to others. In this connection I 

 have interviewed the wholesale trade of 

 the prairie provinces during the past season 



Douglas Gardens 



OAKVILLE, ONT. 



HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS. 



Achillea — The Pearl, each 15c 



Anthemis — Tlnctoria Kelwayl 15c 



Aquilegia — (Columbine), very fine ... 15c 



Arabis Alplna (Rock Cress) 15c 



Boltonia Asteroldes 15c 



Campanula (Bellflower) 20c 



Chrysanthemum Uliglnosum (Giant 



Daisy) 15c 



Coreopsis Grandlflora 15c 



Delphinium, Gold Medal Hybrids 20c 



DIanthus Barbatus (Sweet William) . 15c 

 DIanthus Piumarins, "Mrs. Sinklns".. 15c 

 Dicentra Spectabilis (Bleeding Heart) 20c 



Gaiiiardia (Blanket Flower) 15c 



Gypsophila (Baby's Breath), single 



and double 15c-20c 



Helenium, 5 vars 15c-20c 



Hemerocaliis, 5 vars 15c-20c 



Heuchera (Alum Root) (Coral 



Belts), 4 vars 20c 



Iris, 30 vars. and species 10c-75c 



Lychnis, Chalcedonica 15c 



Paeonles, single and double, 66 



vars 35c-$5.00 



Pentstemon, 2 species 20c 



Phlox, Miss LIngard 20c 



Physostegia, 2 vars 15c 



Spiraea and Astilbe, 6 vars 15c-35c 



Valeriana Officinalis (Hardy Garden .. .. 



Heliotrope) 15c 



Plants at 15c each are 10 for $1.25. 

 Plants at 20c each are 10 for $1,50. 



Postage, as per pulblished schedule, is 

 to be added to remi'ttanc«. 



John Caver's Estate 



CHOICE APPLE BARRELS 



The Best is the Cheapest 



We supply the 

 best Associations in 

 Canada with stock 

 or Barrels. 



Prompt shipment 

 — reasonable prices. 



The Sutherland- Innes Co,, Limited 



Chatham, Ontario 





