248 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



Floral Edition. 



The Canadian Horticulturist 



COMBINED WITH 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 

 AND BEEKEEPER 



with which has been Incorporated 



The Canadian Bee Journal. 



Published by The Horticultural 



Publishing Company, Limited, 



PETERBORO, ONTARIO 



rMJAHAIIALMMllAllAllAIMUIMninirmr 



EDITORIAL 



i 



H. BRONSON COWAN, Managing Director. 



The Only Magazines In Their Field In the 

 Dominion 

 Official Organs of the Ontario and 

 Quebec Fruit Growera' Associations 

 and of the Ontario, Manitoba and 

 New Brunswick Beekeepers' Associ- 

 ations. 



representatives 



Ij'nited states 



stockwell'.s special aoenct. 



CMcago Office — People's Gas Hullding. 

 N«w York Office — Tribune Building. 



GREAT BRITAIN 

 W. /^. Mountstephen, 16 Ragant St., London, •.W. 



1. The Canadian Horticulturist Is published In 

 three editions on the 2Dth day of the month 

 preceding date of Issue. The first edition Is 

 known as the fruit edition, and Is devoted 

 ctiiKtly to the commercial fruit Interesta. The 

 second edition Is known as the floral edition, 

 and Is devoted chiefly to the interests of ama- 

 teur flower, fruit and vegetable growers, 'l^he 

 third edition Is known as The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist and Beekeeper. In this edition several 

 pages of matter appearing in the first and 

 second Issues are replaced by an equal number 

 of pages of matter relating to the beekeeping 

 Interests of Canada. 



2. Subscription price of The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist In Canada and Great Britain, tl.OO a 

 year; three years for $2.00, and of The Cana- 

 dian Horticulturist and Beekeeper. $1.00 a year. 

 For United States and local subscriptions In 

 Peterboro (not called for at the Post Office; . 

 25 cents extra a year. Including postage. 



S. Remittances should be made by Post Offlce 

 or Express Money Order, or Registered Letter. 



4. Change of Address — When a change of ad- 

 dress Is ordered, both the old and the new ad- 

 dresses must be given. 



8. Advertising rates, $1.40 an inch. Copy re- 

 ceived up to the 20th. Address all advertising 

 correspondence and copy to our Advertising 

 Manager, Peterboro, Ont. 



CIRCULATION STATEMENT 



The following Is a sworn statement of the net 

 paid circulation of The Canadian Horticulturist 

 for the year ending with Deceonber 191B. The 

 figures given are exclusive of samples and 

 ■polled copies. Most months. Including the 

 ^'ample copies, from 11,000 to 13,000 copies of 

 Tise Canadian Horticulturist are mailed to peo- 

 ple known to be Interested In the growing of 

 fruits, flowers or vegetables. 



January, 1915* . . ,11,168 August, 1916 10.294 



February, 1916 . .10,943 September, 1916 .10,067 



March, 1916 10,864 October, 1916 ...10,017 



April, 1916 10,917 November, 1916 . 9,704 



May, 1916 10,927 December, 1915 . 9,263 



June, 1916 10,329 



July, 1915 10,448 Total 124,920 



Average each Issue In 1907 6,627 



Average each Issue In 1915 , 10,410 



Sworn detailed statements will be mailed upon 

 application. 



OUR GUARANTEE 



We guarantee that every advertiser in this 

 Issue Is reliable. We are able to do this because 

 the advertising columns of The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist are as carefully edited as the reading 

 columns, and because to protect our readers we 

 turn away all unscrupulous advertisers. Should 

 any advertiser herein deal dishonestly with any 

 subscriber, we will make good the amount of 

 his loss, provided such transaction occurs within 

 one month from date of this issue, that It is 

 reported to us within a week of its occurrence, 

 and that we find the facts to be as stated. It 

 Is a condition of this contract that in writing to 

 advertisers you state: "I saw your advertise- 

 ment In The Canadian Horticulturist." 



Rogues shall not apply their trade at the ex- 

 pense of our subscribers, who are our friends, 

 through the medium of these columns; but we 

 ■hall not attempt to adjust triflinx disputes be- 

 tween subscribers and honorable buslnesa men 

 who advertise, nor pay the debts of honest 

 bankrupts. 



Communications ihould be addressed 



THII CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST, 



PKTBRBORO, ONT. 



Hlon the principles of cooperatJon, which in- 

 volve as far as possible, direct sale from the 

 producer to the consumer, it is to be hoped 

 that it will prove a success. 



A Venture in Co-operation 



The announcement made eLsewhere in thi.s 

 issue regarding the arrangement entered in- 

 to between the Cooperativb Fruit Growers' 

 of Ontario, Ltd., and the Grain Growers' 

 Grain Co., of Winnipeg, for the purchase by 

 the latter of the Ontario Company's full pack 

 of apples this year, has many features ot un- 

 usual interest. The results of the experi- 

 ment will be followed closely by all connect- 

 ed with the fruit trade in Canada. 



A distinct measure of success has attend- 

 ed the efforts of numerous groups of local 

 fruit growers in Ontario to cooperate in 

 marketing their crops. For some ten years 

 now a number of these local associations 

 have extended this iiae of work by further 

 cooperating through a central organization, 

 known as the Cooperative Fruit Growers' 

 of Ontario, Ltd., in the sale of their joint 

 output. At this point, hitherto, cooperation 

 in Ontario, and we might add in the west, 

 has reached its limit, as for years the situa- 

 tion in the prairie markets each fall has 

 been most discouraging to those interested 

 in the promotion of cooperative methods. 

 Representatives of cooperative associations, 

 not only in Ontario, Nova Scotia, and Brit- 

 ish Columbia, but also of numerous small 

 associations in Ontario, often have competed 

 unscrupulously with one another and the 

 dealers for the western trade. Thus prices 

 have been cut to a degree that has reacted 

 injuriously on the trade. 



In the general scramble to make sales that 

 has characterized the situation each fall 

 hitherto certain local associations have 

 shown a tendency to refrain from quoting 

 prices until the large central association had 

 established its price. They would then en- 

 deavor to gain trade by cutting under it. In 

 the same way local organizations of grain 

 growers in the west, knowing that this condi- 

 tion would exist, have shown a tendency to 

 refrain from pooling their orders, so that 

 they might ibuy separately from the small 

 local fruit growers' associations, who they 

 felt sure would be willing to cut prices. 



The Grain Growers' Grain Co. is the larg- 

 est cooperative organization of farmers in 

 the west. The Central Fruit Growers' or- 

 ■ ganization in Ontario has been the leading 

 fruit organization in this province. The 

 conditions described have made it difficult 

 for both organizations to negotiate to the 

 best advantage. By the new arrangement 

 new conditions will prevail. It will be neces- 

 sary for them to set a definite price early in 

 the season. The Ontario organization has 

 found an outlet for all of its fruit. The west- 

 ern company knows that it will have to pay 

 only a fair price for that fruit. Thus the ar- 

 rangement should work out to the advant- 

 age of both. 



If the fruit shipped by the Ontario fruit 

 growers is up to grade, it would seem as 

 though this arrangement has an excellent 

 prospect of being renewed year by year. As 

 the Ontario fruit growers arc keenly alive to 

 the importance of sending nothing but pro- 

 perly graded fruit to the west and have suc- 

 ceeded in making arrangements with Dom- 

 inion Fruit Commissioner D. Johnson to 

 have their fruit given extra attention by the 

 Dominion fruit inspectors, it would seem as 

 though this point has been well safeguard- 

 ed. The effect on the western trade of the 

 new arrangement will be considerable. As 

 the effort has carried to its logical conclu- 



Forming New Societies 



The fall is the be^t time to organize a 

 horticultural society. The Hgrticultural So- 

 cieties' Act for Ontario requires that the 

 first meeting for organization purposes 

 shall be held between the eighth and four- 

 teenth of January. If not formed at that 

 time it is imiwssible to form a society for 

 another year. The reason for this is that 

 the grants to horticultural societies are ar- 

 ranged during the first part of the year 

 Societies which fail to make their reports In 

 time to be included in the annual grant must 

 of necessity wait for another year. 



The Act provider that a horticultural so- 

 ciety may be organized in any city, town or 

 incorporated village or a police village, hav- 

 ing a population of not lesa than five hun- 

 dred. The method of organizaUon is simple. 

 By writing to Mr. J. Lockie Wilson, superin- 

 tendent of horticultural societies for On- 

 tario, Parliament Buildings, Toronto, copies 

 of the Act and the necessary application 

 forms may be obtained free of cost. Those 

 desiring to form a society are required to 

 secure a list of people willing to pay in 

 $1.00 each as membership fee. This list 

 must be sent to the government. At the 

 specified time in January a meeting for or- 

 ganization purposes must be held. After 

 organization,' a report of .the proceedings 

 with the necessary forms has to be sent to 

 the government. 



The grant to horticultural societies is dis- 

 tributed, one-third in proportion to the total 

 number of members of each society and 

 two-thirds in proportion to the total amount 

 expended for horticultural purposes during 

 the preceding year. New societies the first 

 year receive a grant at the rate of one dol- 

 lar for each paid up member on the first 

 day of July. It is specified that the first 

 grant shall not exceed seventy-five dollars. 

 By discussing this matter during the next 

 few weeks in their local- papers and other- 

 wise a number of towns and villages in On- 

 tario now without horticultural societies 

 would find it easy to organize one. Much 

 benefit would result to the municipalities as 

 well as to all who might join the societies. 



Western Farmers Retaliate 



Leaders in the fanners' movement in the 

 prairie provinces state that the action of 

 the fruit growers of British Columbia, in 

 pressing for the increase of forty cents i 

 barrel in the tariff on apples that was grant- 

 ed at the last session of Parliament, influ- 

 enced them materially in their negotiations, 

 recently completed, for the purchase of their 

 supplies of apples this year from the fruit 

 growers of Ontario. Owing to the over- 

 planting of fruit in the Pacific coast states 

 and the conditions brought about thereby, j* 

 British Columbia fruit growers have felt the ~ 

 need for such an increase more than East- 

 ern growers, who were situated nearer to 

 the large consuming centres. They there- 

 fore took a prominent part in urging the 

 Government to grant It. The Grain Growers 

 resented this action on the part of the west- 

 ern fniit growers, because they realized 

 that any increase in the tariff was likely to 

 make their fruit cost them more. They con- 

 tended that the lot of the homesteader on 

 the prairies was equally as hard as that of 

 the fruit grower in the mountains. At a 

 conference of those Interested in the fruit 

 trade, held in Calgary abotit a year ago, Mr. 



