274 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



Floral EdlUoD. 



The Canadian Horticulturist 



COMBINED WITH 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 

 AND BEEKEEPER 



with which has been Incorporated 



The Canadian Bee Journal. 



Published by The Horticultural 



Publishing Company, Limited. 



PETERBORO AND TORONTO ONTARIO 



il. BRONSON COWAN. Managing Director. 



The Only Magazines In Their Field In the 

 Dominion 

 Offlclal Organs of the Ontario and 

 Quebec Fruit Growers' Associations 

 and of the Ontario, Manitoba and 

 New Brunswick Beekeepers' Associ- 

 ations. 



REPRESENTATIVES 

 UNITED STATES 

 STOCKWELL'S SPECIAL AGBNCT. 

 Chicago Office — People's Gas Building. 

 New York Office — Tribune Building. 



GREAT BRITAIN 

 W. At. Mountttephan, 16 R«a«nt St., London, CW. 



1. The Canadian Horticulturist la published In 

 three editions on the 25th day of the month 

 preceding date of issue. The first edition is 

 known as the fruit edition, and Is devoted 

 chielly to the commercial fruit Interests. The 

 second edition is known as the floral edition, 

 and Is devoted chiefly to the Interests of ama- 

 teur flower, fruit and vegetable growers. The 

 third edition is known as The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist and Beekeeper. In this edition several 

 pages of matter appearing in the first and 

 second Issues are replaced by an equal number 

 of pages of matter relating to the beekeeping 

 interests of Canada. 



2. Subscription price of The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist In Canada and Great Britain, $1.00 a 

 year; three year.s for $2.00, and of The Cana- 

 dian Horticulturist and Beekeeper, $1.00 a year. 

 For ITnlted States and local subscriptions in 

 Peterboro (not called for at the Post Office), 

 K cents extra a year, including postage. 



3. Remittances should be made by Post Office 

 or Express Money Order, or Registered Letter. 



4. Change of Address-^When a change of ad- 

 dress Is ordered, both the old and the new ad- 

 dresses must be given. 



8. Advertising rates, $1.40 an Inch. Copy re- 

 ceived up to the 20th. Address all advertising 

 correspondence and copy to our Advertising 

 Manager, Peterboro, Ont. 



CIRCULATION STATEMENT 



The following Is a sworn statement of the net 

 paid circulation of The Canadian Horticulturist 

 for the year ending with December 1915. The 

 flgures given are exclu.sive of samples and 

 spoiled copies. Most months, including the 

 oample copies, from 11,000 to 13,000 copies of 

 '^^e Canadian Horticulturist are mailed to peo- 

 ple known to be Interested In the growing of 

 fruits, flowrers or v<>p-AtnhlPR, 



January, 1S15 ...11.15S Augu-st, 1915 10,294 



February, 191B ..10.X2 September, 1915 .10,067 



March, 1916 10,864 October, 1916 ...10,017 



April. 191B 10,917 November. 1915 . 9,704 



May. 1916 10,927 December, 1915 . 9,263 



June, 1916 10,329 



July, 1916 10,448 Total 124,920 



Average each Issue In 1907 6,627 



Average each Issue In 1915 10,410 



Sworn detailed statements will be mailed upon 

 application. 



OUR GUARANTEE 



We guarantee that every advertiser In this 

 Issue Is reliable. We are able to do this because 

 the advertising columns of The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist are as carefully edited as the reading 

 columns, and because to protert nur readers we 

 turn away all unscrupulous advertisers. Should 

 any advertiser herein deal dl.shonestly with any 

 subscriber, we will make good the amount of 

 his loss, provided such transaction occurs within 

 one month from date of this Issue, that It is 

 reported to us within a week of its occurrence, 

 and that we find the facta to be as -itated. It 

 Is a condition of this contract that In writing to 

 advertisers you state: "T saw vour ndvertlse- 

 ment In The Canadian Horticulturist." 



Rogues shall not apply their trade at the ex- 

 pense of our subscribers, who are our friends, 

 through the medium of these columns; but we 

 shall not attempt to adjust trifling disputes be- 

 tween subscribers and honorable business men 

 who advertise, nor pay the debts of honest 

 bankrupts. 



Communications should be addressed 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST, 

 PETERBORO. ONT. 



A Toronto Office 



Commencing with this issue The Canadian 

 Horticulturist will be mailed in connection 

 Willi our Toronto office, although the Peter- 

 boro' office of the company will be continued, 

 and all correspondence will be conducted 

 from Peterboro', as usual. The new arrange- 

 ment, according to past office regulations, 

 necessitates the word Toronto appearing on 

 our front cover. The change will facilitate 

 the mailing of The Canadian Horticulturist 

 and will ensure each issue reaching our sub- 

 .«!cribers more promptly. The Canadian Hor 

 ticulturist i« published in connection with 

 another well known publication. Farm and 

 I>airy. For this reason the existence of of- 

 fices in Peterboro as well as in Toronto has 

 many advantages. 



Commencing with last month's issue of 

 The Canadian Horticulturist tihe cost of the 

 paper used in each Issue was practicallv 

 doubled owing to a heavy advance made by 

 the paper mills in the cost of book paper. 

 We are advised that there is no certainty 

 that the present price will continue long and 

 so far have not been able to obtain paper to 

 last us for more than the next four months. 

 The paper situation is a very serious one. 

 A similar advance is contemplated in the 

 co.st of news stock, the grade of paper used 

 in most newspapers. Should it go into ef- 

 fect it will mean an increased expenditure 

 to the publishers of newspapers in Canada 

 of $2,500,000 a year. The Dominion Govern- 

 ment has been requested to investigate this 

 condition. The paper manufacturers are en- 

 deavoring to see if they can furnish papers 

 like The Canadian Horticulturist with a 

 grade of stock somewhat similar to that 

 which has been used and at a price which 

 will not be too excessive. The results of 

 this investigation will not he known for some 

 time. This is one of the effects that the war 

 is beginning to have on industry. 



The Paper Situation 



The paper situation now facing every pub- 

 lisher is so acute as to threaten the very 

 existence of many papers and magazines. 

 No doubt many causes have been working to 

 force the price of paper skyward since the 

 war began, but one cause stands out above 

 the others, for the reason that it is prevent- 

 able. This is the tremendous destruction of 

 spruce and balsam suitable for paper- 

 making, by preventable forest' fires. 



A great deal has been said on the subject 

 of fires, but the public does not awaken to 

 the awfulness of the waste going on everv 

 year. The tremendous toll in hvman life and 

 in property, both private and public, taken 

 by this agency shocks us, but we do absolute- 

 ly nothing to prevent the recurrence of these 

 fires. Prominent government officials and 

 college professors discourse learnedly of 

 conservation, while at the same time one of 

 our greatest natural resources is being de- 

 voured by this fiery monster. The detached 

 attitude taken by our governments in the 

 matter of forest protection amounts almost 

 to criminal negligence. , The lack of pro- 

 tection has reduced the near-at-home bodies 

 of pulpwood far more than the actual cut of 

 logs. In the Northern Ontario fire of last 

 summer, l.^OO square miles of paper-making 

 materials were destroyed. In the same fire 

 an Ontario paper mill lost 400,000 cords of 

 wood ready piled in the yard. 



Surely, now that newspapers and mag;i- 

 zines have begun to feel the pinch resulting 



from this waste, they at least will Instigate 

 an agitation for some adequate measure to 

 conserve for the people this the greatest 

 natural source of wealth in Canada — the 

 forest. If the wood near the mills Is 

 destroyed, the raw material must be hauled 

 from farther away. Every additional mile 

 the wood is hauled has an effect in forcing 

 up the price of paper. Let us make a deter- 

 mined effort to induce our governments, the 

 natural guardians of our resources, to pro- 

 vide protection for our forests. 



Orchard Diseases 



The market for Ontario apples is excep- 

 tionally strong this year. Never have 

 prices for good fruit been better. This con- 

 dition has been strengthened by the in- 

 creased outlet for Ontario apples found 

 among the grain growers in the Canadian 

 West. But we lack good fruit to fill this 

 market. Ontario apples will grade largely 

 No. 3. The class of fruit going out of On- 

 tario is certainly not a good advertisement 

 for our industry. One of the fanners* 

 organizations of Alberta gave as a reason 

 for buying United States apples that, "Tne 

 Ontario apple crop is much below the aver- 

 age both in quality and yield." But why? 



Many fruit growers will blame their poor 

 crops on the season. The season is partly 

 responsible, but the fact that some men who 

 looked after their orchards have fair crops 

 of good fruit, while their neighbors, who 

 neglected their trees have reaped crops 

 which in an ordinary year would be worth- 

 less, goes to prove that the greater re- 

 sponsibility in 'many cases rests with the 

 grower himself. It is the height of folly for 

 a man to spend money planting and culti- 

 vating an orchard, and then, when it has 

 come into bearing, lose the profit on his 

 crop by trying to save a little time by 

 neglecting to spray in the spring. As has 

 been pointed out before, it takes just as 

 good land, just as good trees and just as 

 good cultivation to grow a barrel of No. 3's 

 as a barrel of No. I's. The difference may 

 not be in size but in scabbiness. It costs 

 as much to pick the No. 3's, the freight rates 

 are the same, as are prices of packages, but 

 the price is different. The difference m 

 prices quoted in the agreement between the 

 Ontario fruit growers and the prairie farm- 

 ers varies from seventy-five cents to one 

 dollar and seventy-five cents a barrel. Let 

 us take the average at 11.00. What does tnis 

 extra dollar a barrel represent to the farmer? 

 It represents the return on the outlay for 

 his spraying operations. When this dollar 

 is multiplied by a thousand or more barrels 

 from one orchard, it can be seen what a 

 tremendously big wage is paid to the careful, 

 systematic sprayer for his spring work. It 

 is not only a matter of extra profits to the 

 fruit grower, but often constitutes the differ- 

 ence in profit and loss to him. 



The fight of the orchardist against disease, 

 in his orchard, creates a serious situation. 

 This year apple scab turned profit Into loss. 

 Iti some parts of Ontario San Jose scale has 

 killed huge numbers of bearing apple trees, 

 and is still continuing its ravages unchecked. 

 Peach Yellows and Little Peach a few years 

 ago threatened the very existence of peach 

 growing in Canada. Pear Psylla has con- 

 sumed the profits in many orchards this 

 year. Together with all this arises the 

 problem of our markets. Do we want our 

 fruit to become known as being good, clean 

 stuff, or the reverse? Every barrel of low 

 quality apples going out of Ontario helps to 

 prevent more apples being bought from this 

 Province. With the lessons of this season 

 fresh in our minds, Ontario orchardists are 

 able to see that even when other spring work 



