November, 1916. 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



2&3 



Variety Preferences 



Every te\i years the demand of fruit 

 growers for different varieties of fruit under- 

 goes a considerable change. Thus a chang- 

 irr 0". preferences constitutes a serloois 

 problem for the large nursery Arms, who 

 have to anticipate the changes by a year or 

 two as far as conditions permit. 



"The popular varieties of apples just 

 now," said Mr. C. K. Baillie, Manager of the 

 E. D. Smith nurseries, at Winona, to an 

 editor of The Canadian Horticulturist re- 

 cently, "are the red varieties, Mcintosh, 

 Snow and Spy. This last couple of years 

 the nurseries have propagated Mcintosh 

 heavily, and their sales have justified this 

 policy. Duchess and W.ealthy are having 

 the best sale for use as fillers in new orch- 

 ards. 



"The fashion in varieties of peaches 

 changes about as quickly as the fashion In 

 clothes. Yellow St. John and Elbertas re- 

 [main as standbys, however. During the last 

 two years growers have been shutting off 

 ,in peach planting largely, because of tlie 

 [low prices they have received for their 

 i fruit. 



"There has been a falling off in the plant- 

 ing of sour cherries. Perhaps the prices are 

 responsible for this also. In the past, sour 

 cherries have been extensively planted, be- 

 cau.se people tad the idea that they did not 

 need any oare after they were planted. Tne 

 advent of the shothole fungus has exploded 

 this theory. The cherry fly has "been par- 

 ticularly bad on the Montmorency variety. 

 In the Winona district there has been no 

 trouble with the fly, but at Stoney Creek in 

 many orchards the cherries were not picked. 



"The sales of stock for plums the last four 



or five years have been heavy on Grand 

 Duke, Reine Claude and Monarch, especially 

 in the Niagara district. These are good 

 shippers, and are classed as fancy plums. 



"Grapes are only being planted in the Ni- 

 agara district and Middlesex County. In 

 Middlesex County grape growing is rather 

 an experiment as yet, although they have 

 been planting fairly heavily for four or five 

 years, and there are some good vineyards. 

 The varieties grown in Middlesex are Camp- 

 bell's Early, Moore's Early and Worden. The 

 Niagara District, however. Is the recognized 

 grape growing section of Canada." 



It is stated that there is a prospect of an 

 American embargo on shipments of toma- 

 toes, corn and peas to this country, owing 

 to the great shortage in these lines in tne 

 chief producing centres of Marylan-d and 

 New York. This shortage is so acute that 

 it has already to some extent had the effect 

 of a virtual embargo. American shippers 

 in some cases refuse to quote, and In others 

 quote at such a high price that large Cana- 

 dian distributors say they cannot handle the 

 goods. 



A New Bulletin on Peaches 



"Peach Growing in Ontario" is the name of 

 Bulletin 241, Department of Agriculture, To- 

 ronto, Ont. This bulletin is written by F. 

 M. Clement, B.S.A., and A. G. Harris, B.S.A. 

 It is well illustrated and readable. Culture, 

 societies, packing and shipping are fully 

 dealt with, and eleven pages of informa- 

 tion on the diseases and insects attacking 

 peaches have been added by Prof. S. Caesar 

 and J. E. Howitt. This is a good bulletin 

 and should be read by every peach grower. 



Prince Edward Island 



The cooperative movement is making 

 headway in this province. Last May there 

 was organized the Associated Farmers' Co- 

 operative Company, Ltd. Progress was 

 slow at first, but now steady, even rapid, 

 progress is being made. 



The principle has been adopted of hand- 

 ling all goods on a guaranteed 10 per cent, 

 basis, as this gives tlie members the bene- 

 fit of their collective buying at the, time of 

 purchase. All invoices are at the disposal 

 of the members. This was found to be more 

 satisfactory than the older way of paying 

 dividends, where the purchasers had to wait 

 a year before seeing any results of their co- 

 operation. 



As usual the dealers are opposed to the 

 movement and are using their influence to 

 discourage prospective members. By per- 

 sistent effort on the part of the organizers, 

 however, the people are slowly, but surely, 

 seeing the waste in the present system of 

 inent farmers in the province, who, though 

 busy with their numerous affairs, find time 

 to assist with the good work. 



Fruit growers will have to pay more tor 

 their baskets again next year. The price of 

 six-quart packages has been advanced ?5 a 

 thousand, and that of 11-quarts, $3 a thous- 

 and These prices obtain only until De- 

 cember 15. After that, increases will be 

 added according to the price of materials, 

 such as tacks, nails and leno. ^, , ,, 



James Johnson, Manager of the Norfolk 

 Fruit Growers' Association, recently packed, 

 in specially padded boxes, with iron bind- 

 ings, 6 carloads of Greening apples, to fill 

 an order for overseas. These were con- 

 signed to the Ontario Government Agent, 

 Union Cold-storage, London, England. 



I 



tK^o inbefiitorsi 



THOSE WHO, FROM TIME TO TIME, HAVE FUNDS REQUIRING 

 INVESTMENT, MAY PURCHASE AT PAR 



DOMINION OF CANADA DEBENTURE STOCK 



IN SUMS OF $500 OR ANY MULTIPLE THEREOF. 



Principal repayable 1st October, 1919. 



Interest payable half-yearly, 1st April and 1st October by cheque (free 

 of exchange at any chartered Bank in Canada) at the rate of five per cent 

 per annum from the date of purchase. 



Holders of this stock will have the privilege of surrendering at par and 

 accrued interest, as the equivalent of cash, in payment of any allotment 

 made under any future war loan issue in Canada other than an issue of 

 Treasury Bills or other like short date security. 



Proceeds of this stock are for war purposes only. 



A commission of one-quarter of one per cent will be allowed to recog- 

 nized bond and stock brokers on allotments made in respect of applications 

 for this stock which bear their stamp. 



For application forms apply to the Deputy Minister of Finance, Ottawa. 



DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE. OTTAWA. 

 OCTOBER 7th, 1916. 



