98 



THE CAN AD I AX HORTICULTURIST. 



Fig. 1757. Forest Tentless Caterpillar — a, q%% 

 mass ; b, moth ; c and d, eggs ; e. fiery hunter beetle, 

 which preys upon the eggs and caterpillars ; /, cater- 

 pillar. 



soon follows. The grubs com- 

 plete their full growth in one year. 

 Much can be done in the winter 

 to rid the trees of these and like 

 borers by cutting- off all dead 

 and dying branches, and burning 

 them before the insects have a 

 chance to escape. 



Maple trees are often troubled with borers 

 {Plagionotus speciosiis), which are closely 

 allied to the Locust Borer. This beetle is a 

 verv pretty creature, being- marked with 

 yellow and black stripes. The eggs are laid 

 in summer, and the grubs bore into the wood, 

 where they may be destroyed by a stout wire 

 in spring. 



2. The chief Leaf-Eaters which infest 

 shade trees are the Tent and Tentless cater- 

 pillars, the Tussock caterpillar, the Fall Web- 

 worms, and the Bag-worms, all of which are 

 larvae of moths. 



The American Tent and the Forest Tentless 

 Caterpillars [Clisiocampa Americana and dis- 

 stria), are doubtless familiar to most readers. 

 The accompanying fig-ures (Figs. 1756 and 

 1757) show the characteristic features of the 

 egg-masses, larvae, tent, and moths. Much 

 may be done to lessen the ravages of the Tent 



caterpillars by the destruction of the 

 egg-masses in the fall, winter, and 

 spring, and by burning the tents as 

 soon as they appear in the spring, but 

 there seems no practicable method of 

 dealing with the Tentless caterpillars, 

 which come from the woods to the 

 orchards and lawns. These make their 

 home primarily in the forests, where 

 it is impossible to clear off the egg- 

 masses. 



All shade trees should be sprayed, as 

 soon as leaves are opened, with arsen- 

 ate of lead solution, made by dissolv- 

 ing in a wooden pail three ounces of 

 acetate of lead in one quart of water, 

 and in another wooden pail dissohe 



Fig. 1758. Tussock Moth — a, wingless fe- 

 male on mass of eggs ; b, caterpillar ; c, fe- 

 male pupa ; d, male pupa ; e, male moth ; 

 f, full grown caterpillar. 



one ounce of arsenate of soda in one pint of 

 water; empty the contents of each of the 

 pails into a barrel of water (40 gallons.) 

 Stir well and add one quart of glucose. 

 Tar bands, moreover, should be placed around 

 the trunks, and pyrethrum powder may be 

 used to advantage about the tree. 



The Tussock caterpillar {^Orgyia leucostigma) 

 is very destructive some years, but with care 

 the trees may be kept quite free from its 

 ravages. (Fig. 1758.) The white, froth-like 



