FRUIT CULTURE. 



329 



Fl(^5r - 



indsor cherry, four years set. 



little hoeing round the trees. Three hun- 

 dred and forty baskets of fine fruit were 

 taken off the last season, and practically no 

 rot or wormy cherries in the whole orchard. 

 The only poor row was the one next to the 

 fence, where cultivation could only be g-iven 

 on one side of the row. 



Varieties, in Order of Ripexixg, — For 

 the colder sections of the Province, Early 

 Richmond, Montmorency, Ostheim, English 

 Morello. All of these are sour and of high 

 value for preserving and cooking purposes. 

 Montmorency is a firm cherry, of good size, 

 and of a more upright growth than the 

 Richmond. (See Fig. 53.) 



For districts where the thermometer sel- 

 dom goes lower than 15' below zero, the 

 above varieties for sour ; and, in addition, 

 May Duke, Black Tartarian and IVitidsor. 

 Extensive planting of the sweet varieties is 

 not recommended till more is known about 

 their hardiness. Professor Hutt, of the On- 

 tario Agricultural College, is now testing a 

 large number of these varieties. For south- 

 ern Ontario, Early Richmond, Montmorency, 

 English Morello, May Duke : Sweet varieties, 

 Governor Wood, Bhwk Tartarian, Yellow 



FIG 52 '-,3^s==--^/,/^e. 



The tree pruned. 



Spanish, Ktiighfs Early Black, Napoleon Bi- 

 garreati and Windsor. 



Diseases. — Mildew, black-knot and rot 

 (Monilia). Mildew of the leaf, (especially 

 affecting the younger trees of the sour class). 

 For this, spray with Bordeaux mixture. 

 Black-knot, affecting sour cherries chiefly, 

 systematic cutting out and burning. Rot, 

 principally affecting the sweet cherries ; this 

 is the great drawback to the culture of the 

 sweet cherry. One spraying with Bordeaux 

 mixture before the blossoms open, and two 

 or three after they have fallen, will generally 

 keep the crop fairly free from rot. In a wet 

 season it is impossible to prevent it alto- 

 gether. May Duke, Yellow Spanish and 

 Napoleon Bigarreau are especially liable to 

 rot. 



Insects. — Curculio, black aphis, and 

 sometimes the peach borer. The best 

 remedy for the black aphis is tobacco water, 

 one pound to three gallons, and one quarter 

 pound of whale oil soap added, or one 

 pound whale oil soap to seven gallons water, 

 mix hot. Kerosene emulsion, if used, should 

 be strong — one to seven or eight. The ap- 

 plications must be early and thorough. 



