FRUIT CULTURE. 



373 



round the roots. If the roots are coarse and 

 long- cut back to about eighteen inches. 

 Prune the top down to to two three buds. 

 Fig. 67, from Bailey's " Pruning Book," 

 illustrates the pruning of one type of two- 

 year-old vine. The top should be cut at a 

 and B, the upper roots trimmed oflF at c and 

 D, and the main roots cut in from e to f. 

 Hoed crops can be grown the first three 

 years between the young vines and thorough 

 cultivation given. By the late fall the young 

 vine should have made a "-rowth of three or 



FIG, 57 



Grape plant, showing where 

 it should be pruned. 



four feet, and should then or in the spring 

 be pruned to a single cane and that cane 

 should be cut back to two or three buds. 

 The trellis may be put up the second spring 

 or left till the third. The young vine having 

 got thoroughly established during the first 

 summer will, under good conditions, make 

 a vigorous growth the second year, not more 

 than two canes being allowed to grow. We 

 now come to the end of the second season, 



the treatment up to this time being practi- 

 cally the same whatever style of trimming 

 may be adopted. 



The Trellis. — Various kinds of trellises 

 have been in vogue at different times, but 

 we need only here consider the post and 

 wire method. Cedar or chestnut posts 

 should be used. These can be eig^ht feet 

 long, sharpened at one end and driven down 



FIG 5© 



Bracing the end post. baiLev 



with heavy maul eighteen inches or two feet. 

 This is the practice in the famous Chatauqua 

 grape district. Or the posts may be nine 

 feet long and a post augur used for the holes, 

 which should be three feet deep. Two, 

 three or four wires are used, according to 

 the system of training. No. 12 wire is a 

 suitable size, except in the two-wire trellis. 



FIG 60 



broNE Aud w//?£ SftAce 



when No. 10 wire should be used for the 

 upper wire and Xo. 1 2 for the lower. Figs. 

 58, 59 and 60 show different ways of bracing 

 the end post, upon which the heavy strain 

 comes. Of these Fig. 59 is decidedly the 



