FOREST RESOURCES 7 



species under the name of "longleaf," while in parts of Arkansas 

 and Louisiana loblolly is marketed as "soft shortleaf." In the 

 Coastal Plain region of Virginia and the Carolinas where loblolly 

 predominates the product is sold under the trade name of "North 

 Carohna Pine." In some of the large eastern markets like New 

 York and Philadelphia yellow pine is often sold under the trade 

 name of "longleaf," or of "shortleaf," the distinction being based 

 on the physical character of the wood. The term longleaf is 

 applied to timbers and lumber having narrow annual rings, 

 while coarse-grained lumber is called shortleaf. 



Longleaf is considered preferable for timbers, flooring and 

 places where the maximum strength or wearing quality is de- 

 sired, while loblolly and shortleaf are regarded with favor for 

 finish and general construction purposes. 



The annual production of yellow pine has probably reached 

 its maximum, but a marked decrease is not likely for a few years 

 because many operators will increase their output when other 

 mills shut down because of the exhaustion of their stumpage. 

 Operators estimate that most of the largest mills will be cut out 

 during the next fifteen years. 



The yellow pine forests are now the source of most of the 

 lumber utihzed in the South, and in the prairie regions of the 

 Middle West. Their products are also shipped in large quantities 

 to New England, Canada, nearly all countries of Europe and to 

 many parts of eastern South America. They are also the chief 

 source of the railroad lumber supplies of the East and South. 



The longleaf forests have for many years been the chief source 

 of the world's supply of naval stores. 



The manufacture of by-products, such as pulp, and products 

 of distillation from mill-waste and forest-refuse is growing in 

 importance and promises soon to become an important industry. 



Longleaf grows largely in pure stands which run from 5000 

 to 25,000 feet per acre; shortleaf which seldom exceeds 6000 

 feet per acre occurs with hardwoods on richer soils; virgin 

 loblolly in southern Arkansas is associated with shortleaf in 

 nearly pure pine forests ranging from 5000 to 30,000 feet per 

 acre, the former comprising from 60 to 80 per cent of the total 



