50 LOGGING 



credit which are accepted at face value at the company store. 

 This tends to keep the trade at home, especially if the company 

 discourages the redemption of their checks or coupons when 

 presented by others than employees. 



Weekly, semi-monthly, or monthly pay days are the rule in 

 the South. A practice also exists among some operators of 

 deferring payment for two weeks or a month in order to hold 

 the men. 



In other regions loggers do not have regular pay days but the 

 woodsmen are given credit at the camp store for such supplies 

 as they need. Final settlement is made by check or by order 

 on the head ofhce or some store or bank when the man leaves 

 the employ of the logger. When labor is scarce special induce- 

 ments such as payment on demand instead of at some fixed date 

 are sometimes offered to secure workmen. 



FACTORS WHICH INFLUENCE WAGES 



The wage paid for forest work depends largely on the following 

 factors: 



(i) The amount of labor available. 



(2) The degree of skill required. 



(3) The condition under which labor is performed. Laborers 

 prefer to work near settlements and may demand higher wages 

 on remote operations, and where low stumps, brush disposal and 

 other restrictions demand the exercise of greater care and effort 

 than usual. 



(4) The perquisites offered. Labor can be secured more 

 readily and at a lower wage where hospital, accident insurance, 

 school, church and like benefits are afforded. 



A list of the wages paid in several forest regions is given on 

 pages 531 to 535, inclusive, in the Appendix. 



UNIONS 



Forest employees in the Northeast and Lake States have no 

 regular form of labor organization. 



In the Inland Empire and on the Pacific Coast unions exist 

 which have state organizations supporting a staff of organizers 



