54 LOGGING 



and it is optional with others. Those who come under the 

 provisions of the law waive all rights to the common law de- 

 fences, and the employee must accept the awards of the Com- 

 mission, in lieu of his right to sue at common law. 



(2) Any employer, workman or beneficiary has the right of 

 appeal to the Superior Court in the County of his residence, 

 when the award is not satisfactory. If the Court deems the 

 award unjust, the Commission must pay the plaintiff's costs and 

 attorneys' fees out of the administration fund. 



(3) The awards are made from a fund contributed by the 

 employers, who pay a certain percentage^ of their payroll to the 

 Commission. 



(4) The various industries and parts of industries are grouped 

 separately according to the degree of hazard, and each class has 

 a fund of its own from which awards are made for such accidents 

 as arise to its employees. In case of the depletion of the fund, 

 provisions are made for special assessments to cover the deficit. 

 Although the fund is not intended to be cumulative, there is 

 no provision for a reduction of the assessment fixed by law. 



(5) It is unlawful for the employer to deduct from the wages 

 of the employee any portion of the premium paid into the acci- 

 dent fund. 



(6) All forms of injury are classified and a standard schedule 

 of awards is fixed for each. 



(7) In case of the death of an employee a pension is granted 

 to the widow during her unmarried life, including an allowance 

 for each child under sixteen years of age, up to a maximum of 

 three children. Orphans receive an allowance twice that granted 

 to children who have a parent living. Provision is also made for 

 dependents when the deceased has no immediate relatives. 



(8) Pensions are met by setting aside a specified sum, based 

 on mortality tables, which is deposited with the State Treasurer, 

 and from which the payments are made when due. 



(9) If a workman deliberately injures himself, or causes his 

 own death, no award can be made from the accident fund. On 



1 The rates for the lumber industry are as follows: logging railroads 5 per cent; 

 logging operations, sawmills and lumber yards, 2.5 per cent. 



