CAMPS 57 



(4) Accessibility to the source of supplies is an important 

 factor, although secondary to proper location with reference to 

 the timber and main haul. 



The requirements for a camp site for a railroad operation may 

 be summarized as follows: 



(i) A well-drained site, with no swamps or other mosquito- 

 breeding spots in the vicinity, because railroad camps are 

 operated during the warm season when there is the greatest 

 danger from malaria. 



(2) Location with reference to a natural supply of pure water 

 is secondary to good drainage since drinking water is either 

 hauled to the camp in tank cars or can be obtained by driving 

 wells at the camp site. It is desirable, however, to have a run- 

 ning stream in the vicinity from which water for the stock and 

 for laundry purposes may be secured. 



(3) AccessibiUty to the operation is essential unless the men 

 can be transported to and from their labor by train. 



(4) A sufficient area of level ground to permit the construc- 

 tion of the spur tracks required for moving the houses and also 

 set-out switches for log cars. 



Floating camps are placed in bayous and canals in proximity 

 to the operation. Pure drinking water cannot be secured from 

 these streams and provision must be made for a boiled or dis- 

 tilled supply. 



TYPES OF CAMPS 



Log Camps. — Typical buildings are usually one story high 

 and are constructed crib-fashion of logs, preferably of conifers 

 with the slightest taper obtainable. These are notched at the 

 corners to hold them together and to reduce the chink space 

 which is filled with moss and clay, or mortar. The floors in 

 the living rooms are made of hewn timber or rough lumber, 

 and the roofs are covered with "shakes" or prepared roofing. 

 The doors are made from rough boards, and a few windows 

 furnish Hght and aid in ventilation. Occasionally a framework 

 on which logs are fastened upright is substituted for the crib- 

 work. 



