58 LOGGING 



Log camps in the North generally comprise the following 

 buildings: 



(i) An ofhce and store, sometimes called a "van," which is 

 the headquarters and the sleeping place of the foreman, camp 

 clerk and log scaler. The equipment of the room consists of 

 single bunks for the men, a few shelves on which goods are dis- 

 played, and a rough counter over which they are sold, two or 

 three homemade chairs, and a box stove. The store carries 

 necessaries required by the woodsmen, such as shoes, clothing, 

 tobacco and a few drugs. Occasionally the ofhce is in one of 

 the main buildings. 



(2) A cook shanty housing the kitchen and dining depart- 

 ment. The former is usually placed in one end of the building, 

 and the remaining space is devoted to long board dining tables 

 running lengthwise or crosswise of the building. Benches are 

 provided for seats. A small sleeping room is partitioned off for 

 the cook. 



(3) A bunk house providing lounging and sleeping quarters 

 for the men. Double bunks two stories high are built along the 

 side wall and often across the ends of the building. Each bunk 

 accommodates two men. Straw or hay is supplied in lieu of 

 mattresses. Blankets may or may not be supplied by the camp. 



The furniture consists of long wooden benches, called "deacon 

 seats," ranged alongside of the bunks. A large sink for washing, 

 one or two heating stoves, and a grindstone are also part of the 

 equipment. Wires for drying clothing are suspended over the 

 stove. 



Ventilation is often secured by placing a barrel in a hole in 

 the roof and fitting it with a hinged head that may be opened 

 and closed; if this is not used, some other crude arrangement 

 is adopted. 



Cook shanties and bunk houses are generally separate build- 

 ings, although in the Northeast they are often only from 6 to 10 

 feet apart, and the gap is covered with a roof, boarded up in the 

 rear and used as a storage place, called a "dingle." 



Two-storied camps, having the kitchen and dining-room on 

 the lower floor and the sleeping quarters on the second floor, 



