FELLING AND LOG-MAKING 9 1 



In southern pine operations a similar plan may be followed, 

 the sawyers being responsible to the logging boss or to a con- 

 tractor instead of a saw boss ; or two or three saw crews may be in 

 charge of a sub-foreman, called a "chipper and notcher," who 

 notches trees for felling, marks off the log lengths, and keeps a 

 record of the amount cut by each crew. The duty of the sawyers 

 is to fell the timber and to cut it up into logs. 



In Maine felling is often in charge of a sub-foreman called 

 the "head chopper" who is the boss of a yarding crew, which 

 includes two fallers, the swampers, teamster, sled tender and 

 skid way man. The head chopper notches the trees, lays off the 

 log lengths and directs the work of the yarding crew. 



On the Pacific Coast notching, felhng and log-making are 

 often performed by separate crews. A notcher, who selects the 

 trees to be felled and makes the undercut, is assigned to each 

 yarding crew. Two fallers then cut the timber and the notcher 

 marks off the log lengths for the guidance of the buckers who 

 follow. The latter work singly, and two or three are required for 

 each felhng crew. On some operations a notcher is not employed, 

 the undercut being made by the fallers. 



The average day's work for two men felling, bucking and 

 swamping lodgepole and other small timber, running from fifteen 

 to sixteen logs per thousand, is from 4000 to 5000 feet; in small 

 yellow pine timber, running from twelve to fifteen logs per 

 thousand, from 7000 to 7500 feet, and where logs run from six 

 to ten per thousand, from 10,000 to 15,000 feet. On the Pacific 

 Coast an undercutter will notch from 30,000 to 50,000 feet of 

 fir daily for a crew of fallers. Buckers average from 12,000 to 

 15,000 feet each. 



Contract felHng and log-making in lodgepole pine ranges from 

 $1.25 to $2 per thousand feet; in yellow pine and cypress, from 

 35 to 50 cents; in fir, from 50 to 80 cents. 



CUTTING AREAS 



Sawyers working on a wage basis are seldom assigned to 

 specific bounds, but cut where the foreman of the camp or the 

 saw boss directs. In regions where the work is done by contract, 



