ii6 



LOGGING 



(3) Split Wood. — Split sticks cannot be stacked as closely 

 as round ones, therefore, the sohd contents of a cord of the 

 former is less than that of the latter. European practice shows 

 that the solid contents of a cord decreases as the sticks, which 

 are spHt, increase in length and decrease in diameter. Thus a 

 stack increases in size 6 per cent when sticks from 3.5 to 7 inches 

 in diameter and 21 inches long are spHt into two pieces; sticks of 

 the same length and a diameter greater than 7 inches show an in- 

 crease of 4 per cent; 14-inch sticks from 3.5 to 7 inches in diam- 

 eter show a gain of 5 per cent; and 14-inch sticks of a greater 

 diameter than 7 inches show a gain of 2.5 per cent. 



(4) Form of Sticks. — Clear boles yield more solid wood per ■ 

 given space than tops and branches because the straighter and 

 smoother the sticks the fewer air spaces there are between them. 



SOLID CUBIC FEET PER STANDARD CORD FOR STICKS OF 

 DIFFERENT SIZES ^ 



F. A. G.: loc. cit. 



(5) Degree of Dryness. — Since green wood shrinks appreci- 

 ably in volume as it becomes air-dry, the contents of a standard 

 cord of green wood becomes less as seasoning progresses. As a 

 rule, the shrinkage in volume in air-dried wood is from 9 to 14 

 per cent in hardwoods, and from 9 to 10 per cent in softwoods. 



Other factors influencing the solid contents are the methods 

 of pihng and fixing the stack, and the methods of measurement 

 used. Practice has shown that stacks in excess of 4.5 feet in 

 height are less carefully piled because of the greater physical 

 effort required to place the wood in the pile. Further, stacks 

 held by one stick on each end contain more solid contents than 

 where the pile is held in place by two or more sticks, since in 



