l68 LOGGING 



smith, but snowplows and rutters are also sold by dealers in 

 logging supplies. 



Plows are employed after each heavy snowfall to clear a 

 right-of-way along the road wide enough to permit loaded sleds 

 to pass. They are built in several patterns. A common type is 

 V-shaped, with flaring sides 4 feet high which are bolted to a 

 heavy pair of runners. The plow is drawn by from eight to 

 sixteen horses. Patent steel snowplows weighing about 2000 

 pounds can be bought for $175. They can be made in camp 

 for from $35 to $50. 



The snowplow is followed by the rutter which cuts a square 

 or round rut for the sled runners. The machine is mounted on 

 a heavy set of runners and has two chisel-like blades which may 

 be raised or lowered so that a rut of any desired depth can be 

 secured. Snowplows and rut cutters are often combined in 

 one machine, especially in those patterns offered by logging 

 supply houses. A rut cutter can be purchased for from $100 

 to $115. 



Long hauls, ascending grades and long, level stretches are 

 iced so that larger loads can be hauled. A road on which four 

 or more trips can be made daily is not iced unless a large amount 

 of timber is to be hauled over it. Descending grades and 

 secondary roads are not iced. 



The sprinkler consists of a tank about 8 feet by 6 feet by 5 feet 

 in size, built of dressed and matched plank, and mounted on a 

 heavy pair of sleds. It costs about $50. The tank, which holds 

 from 30 to 35 barrels of water, will sprinkle from one-fourth to 

 one- third of a mile of road. A short piece of i-inch iron pipe is 

 fitted into each of the rear lower corners of the tank directly over 

 the sled ruts. An overhanging piece of sheet iron is attached so 

 that it hangs over the opening in the pipes and, when the wooden 

 plugs are pulled out of the latter, the water plays on this sheet 

 and throws a spray over the rut, which on freezing makes a solid 

 ice coating. 



A water heater consisting of a round wrought steel tube 18 

 inches in diameter equipped with a smoke pipe and a fire door 

 is sometimes placed in the tank. A fire built in it prevents the 



