264 



LOGGING 



The hourly output per man shoveling average soil is 1.4 cubic 

 yards, but this may be increased to 2 cubic yards under efficient 

 supervision. 



With Dynamite. — A logging operator in Mississippi describes^ 

 a method of making cuts in gumbo 5 feet or less in depth when 

 the earth is to be "wasted." The reported cost was 50 per cent 

 less than with the usual methods of moving earth. 



Holes of the required depth and 20 inches apart were made 

 with a round, sharpened bar. The outside row of holes had a 

 degree of slant that would produce a cut with sides of the desired 

 slope. After covering the site of the proposed cut with holes, 

 they were loaded with 60 per cent dynamite. The center holes 

 were loaded heavier than the others and were primed for electric 

 firing. The explosion of the central charges fired the others. 

 The length of cut blasted at one time did not exceed 200 feet. 

 A large amount of the earth was thrown entirely out of the cut 

 and the remainder was handled readily with a drag scraper. In 

 tight wet earth one ton of 60 per cent dynamite will loosen earth 

 for 1600 hnear feet, where the maximum cut is 5 feet. 



Wheelbarrows. — Barrows are not profitable for moving earth 

 except on short hauls, for stony soil, and in places unfavorable 

 for the use of horses. The average load on level runs is approxi- 

 mately 250 pounds or y^ of a cubic yard of earth, and on fairly 

 steep grades -^5- of a cubic yard, "place measure." 



The average amounts moved, per barrow, on a level in ten 

 hours and the cost per cubic yard for picking, shoveling and 

 moving, when wages are 15 cents per hour, are as follows:^ 



1 See American Lumberman, Chicago, Illinois, July 15, 191 1, p. 50. 



2 The figures on the amount of work performed and costs are based on data 

 contained in "Earthwork and its Cost," by H. P. Gillette. McGraw-Hill Book 

 Company, New York, 19 12. 



