298 LOGGING 



over rollers at curves. The maximum efficient length for an 

 incline seldom exceeds 8000 feet. 



When loaded cars are hauled up one slope and dropped down 

 on the other side, the distance on the downgrade should not 

 exceed the maximum for an upgrade haul. 



An incline in Montana which transports mining stulls upgrade 

 to a flume 6600 feet distant uses 16-foot steel rails weighing 88 

 pounds each. The lower 5000 feet of the road has a 7 per cent 

 grade, and the remaining 1600 feet a 12 per cent grade. Power 

 for hauling up the cars is supplied by three boilers having about 

 80-horse-power capacity which furnish steam for a 50-horse- 

 power engine. The latter drives the drum which holds 6800 feet 

 of I -inch cable. 



The cost of construction was as follows: 



834 rails, 36^ tons, at S40 per ton $1,460.00 



Grading and laying track 4,470. 00 



Spikes, 1750 pounds at 2 cents 35 ■ °° 



Bolts, 3336 pounds at 3 cents 100 . 00 



Fish plates, 1668 pounds at 5 cents 83 . 40 



Hauling steel to tram at $20 per ton 328 . 50 



Crossties, 4470 at 50 cents each 2,235 • 0° 



4 cars at $40 each 160 . 00 



6,800 feet of i-inch cable, delivered at tram 3,425 .00 



3 boilers, drum and engine (2nd hand) installed 2,000.00 



$14,296.90 



The average daily output is either 800 stulls 8 inches and over 

 in diameter or iioo 5-inch to 7-inch ones. The annual capacity 

 is 150,000 stulls. 



The daily labor charge is as follows : 



2 men at the flume dump at $3 each $6 . 00 



3 car loaders at $3 each 9 . 00 



I engineer at $4 4 . 00 



I foreman 3-5° 



Total $22.50 



There are several devices, known as ''snubbing machines," 

 used for lowering logs down an inclined track. 



The chief feature of the friction-brake snubbing machine is 

 a heavy frame, carrying a large drum on which is wound the 

 cable that holds the loaded cars in check. The speed of the cars 



