INCLINES 



301 



placed both for skidding logs and loading cars. A f-inch cable 

 was laid along the track from the bottom of the incline to the top 

 where it was passed through a block in the rear of the yarding 

 engme and then carried down the track to the starting point. 

 One end of the cable was attached to the forward end of the 

 empty cars, and the other end to the drawhead on a locomotive 

 standing on a parallel track beside the empty cars. The eleva- 

 tion of the cars was accomplished by running the locomotive on 

 the main line toward the mill which hauled the empty cars from 

 the parallel track to the main incline track and then to the sum- 

 mit. Signals for starting and stopping were given by blasts on 

 the whistles of the locomotive and the yarding engine. The 

 speed of descending cars was controlled by the locomotive as it 

 slowly backed toward the base of the hill. 



Safety switches were installed at both the top and bottom of 

 the incline so that the cars passing up or down could be shunted 

 off the main track onto a siding before they would meet other 

 cars or the locomotive. 



Two loaded cars were handled at one time, the locomotive 

 placing two empties at the head of the incline and then taking 

 the loaded cars to the mill. This arrangement resulted in a 

 minimum loss of time for the train crews. 



Dudley. — Where it is not possible to build a straight track, 

 and the length of incline exceeds i| miles, a special form of 

 traction device, called a "Dudley" or "Dudler," is used. It is 

 made to operate, loaded, on ascending or descending grades and 

 either to drag logs over the ties or to haul them on cars. 



Dudleys are often built in the shop of the lumber company. 

 A type used on a western operation has an 18-inch steel "T" 

 beam frame, 36 feet long mounted on two sets of double trucks, 

 with an 8-foot gauge. The boiler and the link-motion 14 by 14- 

 inch engines are mounted over one of the sets of double trucks, 

 and a water tank is placed over the other set. 



The traction device consists of a drum or gypsy wheel 6 feet in 

 diameter with a 12-inch face set midway of the frame and 2 feet 

 inside one of the rails. Underneath the frame at each end an 

 open sheave is placed in line with the gypsy wheel and serves 



