LOADING AND UNLOADING CARS 33 1 



bed of the pond. Two cables are attached to the lead log at a 

 distance apart of approximately 20 feet, the free ends being 

 fastened to a ring, thus forming a "parbuckle." The loading 

 line which has a hook on its free end, passes from the engine 

 over the load and is caught in the ring of the parbuckle. The 

 latter is dropped down in the water and men standing on a 

 platform a few feet from the edge of the pond float logs over it. 

 The loading line is then reeled in on the loading drum and the 

 logs are rolled up the rollway and onto the edge of the car bunk. 



They are drawn to the far side of the car by passing the 

 loading cable over and under the log and catching a swamp 

 hook on the far side of the car bunk. The tightening of the 

 cable rolls the log in the desired direction. The loading line 

 and parbuckle are returned to the pond men by a haul back 

 line. From three to four men can load 100,000 feet per day, 

 in this manner. 



Jack Works. — Where logs are to be raised to a considerable 

 height as from a river or a large pond an outfit called a "jack 

 works" is employed. This method has been used both in the 

 South and in the Northeast, where medium-sized logs are han- 

 dled. 



A jack works is a long narrow platform built at a sufiicient 

 height above ground to permit the construction of a sloping 

 dock on the side next to the loading tracks, the base of which is 

 flush with the car bunks. The loading tracks on which the log 

 cars are "spotted" are placed alongside the dock. The length 

 of the platform is governed by the number of cars to be loaded 

 and the switching facilities. If provision is made for moving 

 cars by gravity and the logs are of fairly even length so that 

 any of them will go on a given car, the platform need only be 

 long enough to handle the longest logs. When logs must be 

 sorted before loading and when many cars must be spotted at 

 one time the platform should be of sufficient length to accommo- 

 date the maximum number of cars. 



A shallow trough runs the entire length of the platform. 

 In it an endless chain travels to which log dogs are attached 

 at approximately 8-foot intervals. A similar trough and chain 



