LOGGING METHODS 



437 



mounted on scows which are towed to the point where logging 

 is to be carried on. Loggers seldom operate more than 900 feet 

 from shore, although in one case a road engine and a donkey 

 were employed and the logs brought from a maximum distance 

 of 2500 feet. Timber is becoming scarce that can be reached 

 by present methods and improved machinery will soon be 

 required. 



Cost of Operation. — The average cost of operating with 

 power logging on the Tongass National Forest is about as 

 follows : 



Felling 



Lopping tops 



Yarding to booming place 



Booming 



Towing 



Boom cost (bucking and placing on mill deck) 



Sawing 



Edging 



Trimming 



Yard cost 



Planer, cost on finished material 



Loading and selling 



Fuel and oil 



Upkeep 



Manufacturing license 



Stumpage 



Total cost 



Cost per 1000 board 

 feet. 



$0.75 



25 $3.02! 



.875 

 ■375 

 •75 

 .00 



I 50 

 1. 00 



■50 



•50 



. 10 



1. 00 



$1: 



1 Logs are usually sold in the market at about $5 per thousand feet, hence on most operations 

 the cost of logs to the millman is $1.98 additional. 



The average percentage of each grade sawed from Sitka spruce 

 is as follows: 



