TURPENTINE ORCHARDING 



445 



Cornering. — Boxing is followed by cornering, performed by 

 two workers, one right-handed, the other left-handed. An 

 ordinary ax is used for this purpose. From the peak of the box 

 a slanting cut one inch deep is made upward until its outer edge 

 is directly above the outer edge of the box. A side blow then 

 splits out the wood between the cut and the outer edge of the tree. 

 The object of cornering is to provide a suitable face for the com- 

 mencement of the subsequent scarification of the tree. 



Two men can cut 2000 faces per day. The contract price 

 ranges between $1.25 and $1.50 per thousand faces. 



Fig. 1 29. — A Turpentine Box for the collection of Crude Turpentine. 



Chipping. — In tapping a tree very little resin is actually 

 secured from the resin ducts already in the wood. The main 

 flow is from secondary ducts which arise as a consequence of 

 the injury due to chipping.^ Resin begins to flow about February 

 15 or March i and chipping or scarification then begins. This 

 consists in laying bare the surface of the sapwood directly above 



1 See The Origin and Development of Resin Canals in the Cpniferae with 

 Special Reference to the Development of Tyloses and their co-relation with the 

 Thylosal Strands of the Pteridophytes, by Simon Kirsch. Proc. Royal Society 

 of Canada, 191 1. Also Relation of Light Chipping to the Commercial Yield of 

 Naval Stores, by Charles H. Herty. Bulletin No. 90, U. S. Forest Service, 

 Washington, 1911. 



