558 INDEX 



Decker log loader, 326. 

 Decking logs, 141. 



Defebaugh, J. E., on the history of the lumber industry in America, 470. 

 Defects, log, 96, loi, 103, 121. 

 butt rot, 124. 

 cat-face, 124. 

 checks and seams, 125. 

 circular shake, 123. 

 crook or sweep, 125. 

 crotches, 125. 

 pin-dote, 124. 

 punk knots, 124. 

 rafting pin holes, 125. 

 rotten sap, 125. 

 seams, 125. 

 spiral checks, 125. 



stained sap, 125. V 



stump or butt rot, 124. 

 sweep, 125. 



uniform center or circular rot, 121. 

 Depreciation, logging equipment, Northwest, 434. 

 Dipping, turpentine orcharding, 447, 452. 



yield, 447. 

 Distillation, crude turpentine, 455. 



cost of a plant for, 457. 

 grades of rosin produced, 457. 

 labor, 456. 

 method, 456. 

 retorts for, 455. 

 strainers, 455. 

 yield, 457 ■ 

 Dog-warp, use in breaking log jams in streams, 377. 

 Dogs, logging, 216. 

 Douglas fir, {see fir, Douglas). 

 Doyle log rule, no, 517. 

 Doyle-Scribner log rule, in. 

 Draft power, animal, 129. 

 horses, 131. 

 mules, 131. 

 oxen, 129. 

 Drift, turpentine orchard, size of, 443. 

 Drill, churn, 269. 

 hand, 270. 

 jumper, 270. 

 Drilling for blasting purposes, 269. 

 Drive, log, an alligator for towing logs on a, 377. 

 boom companies, 369. 

 conduct of a, 368, 378. 

 Connecticut River, 379. 

 cost of, 378, 380, 381. 

 floating and rafting logs, 343. 

 head works for towing logs, 377. 

 improvement of the stream bed and banks, 359. 

 labor, 374. 



log carriers used in Canada, 359. 

 log jams, 377. 

 Penobscot River, 380. 

 Drive, log, picking rear, 377. 



requirements for a drivable stream, 347. 

 St. John River, New Brunswick, 381, 384. 



